Merge branch 'master' into for-next

Sync with Linus' tree to be able to apply pending patches that
are based on newer code already present upstream.

20 files changed, 634 insertions, 293 deletions

diff --git a/mm/compaction.c b/mm/compaction.c
index 021a296..6cc604b 100644
--- a/mm/compaction.c
+++ b/mm/compaction.c
@@ -144,9 +144,20 @@ static void isolate_freepages(struct zone *zone,
 	int nr_freepages = cc->nr_freepages;
 	struct list_head *freelist = &cc->freepages;
 
+	/*
+	 * Initialise the free scanner. The starting point is where we last
+	 * scanned from (or the end of the zone if starting). The low point
+	 * is the end of the pageblock the migration scanner is using.
+	 */
 	pfn = cc->free_pfn;
 	low_pfn = cc->migrate_pfn + pageblock_nr_pages;
-	high_pfn = low_pfn;
+
+	/*
+	 * Take care that if the migration scanner is at the end of the zone
+	 * that the free scanner does not accidentally move to the next zone
+	 * in the next isolation cycle.
+	 */
+	high_pfn = min(low_pfn, pfn);
 
 	/*
 	 * Isolate free pages until enough are available to migrate the
@@ -240,11 +251,18 @@ static bool too_many_isolated(struct zone *zone)
 	return isolated > (inactive + active) / 2;
 }
 
+/* possible outcome of isolate_migratepages */
+typedef enum {
+	ISOLATE_ABORT,		/* Abort compaction now */
+	ISOLATE_NONE,		/* No pages isolated, continue scanning */
+	ISOLATE_SUCCESS,	/* Pages isolated, migrate */
+} isolate_migrate_t;
+
 /*
  * Isolate all pages that can be migrated from the block pointed to by
  * the migrate scanner within compact_control.
  */
-static unsigned long isolate_migratepages(struct zone *zone,
+static isolate_migrate_t isolate_migratepages(struct zone *zone,
 					struct compact_control *cc)
 {
 	unsigned long low_pfn, end_pfn;
@@ -261,7 +279,7 @@ static unsigned long isolate_migratepages(struct zone *zone,
 	/* Do not cross the free scanner or scan within a memory hole */
 	if (end_pfn > cc->free_pfn || !pfn_valid(low_pfn)) {
 		cc->migrate_pfn = end_pfn;
-		return 0;
+		return ISOLATE_NONE;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -270,10 +288,14 @@ static unsigned long isolate_migratepages(struct zone *zone,
 	 * delay for some time until fewer pages are isolated
 	 */
 	while (unlikely(too_many_isolated(zone))) {
+		/* async migration should just abort */
+		if (!cc->sync)
+			return ISOLATE_ABORT;
+
 		congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/10);
 
 		if (fatal_signal_pending(current))
-			return 0;
+			return ISOLATE_ABORT;
 	}
 
 	/* Time to isolate some pages for migration */
@@ -358,7 +380,7 @@ static unsigned long isolate_migratepages(struct zone *zone,
 
 	trace_mm_compaction_isolate_migratepages(nr_scanned, nr_isolated);
 
-	return cc->nr_migratepages;
+	return ISOLATE_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -420,13 +442,6 @@ static int compact_finished(struct zone *zone,
 	if (cc->free_pfn <= cc->migrate_pfn)
 		return COMPACT_COMPLETE;
 
-	/* Compaction run is not finished if the watermark is not met */
-	watermark = low_wmark_pages(zone);
-	watermark += (1 << cc->order);
-
-	if (!zone_watermark_ok(zone, cc->order, watermark, 0, 0))
-		return COMPACT_CONTINUE;
-
 	/*
 	 * order == -1 is expected when compacting via
 	 * /proc/sys/vm/compact_memory
@@ -434,6 +449,13 @@ static int compact_finished(struct zone *zone,
 	if (cc->order == -1)
 		return COMPACT_CONTINUE;
 
+	/* Compaction run is not finished if the watermark is not met */
+	watermark = low_wmark_pages(zone);
+	watermark += (1 << cc->order);
+
+	if (!zone_watermark_ok(zone, cc->order, watermark, 0, 0))
+		return COMPACT_CONTINUE;
+
 	/* Direct compactor: Is a suitable page free? */
 	for (order = cc->order; order < MAX_ORDER; order++) {
 		/* Job done if page is free of the right migratetype */
@@ -461,6 +483,13 @@ unsigned long compaction_suitable(struct zone *zone, int order)
 	unsigned long watermark;
 
 	/*
+	 * order == -1 is expected when compacting via
+	 * /proc/sys/vm/compact_memory
+	 */
+	if (order == -1)
+		return COMPACT_CONTINUE;
+
+	/*
 	 * Watermarks for order-0 must be met for compaction. Note the 2UL.
 	 * This is because during migration, copies of pages need to be
 	 * allocated and for a short time, the footprint is higher
@@ -470,17 +499,11 @@ unsigned long compaction_suitable(struct zone *zone, int order)
 		return COMPACT_SKIPPED;
 
 	/*
-	 * order == -1 is expected when compacting via
-	 * /proc/sys/vm/compact_memory
-	 */
-	if (order == -1)
-		return COMPACT_CONTINUE;
-
-	/*
 	 * fragmentation index determines if allocation failures are due to
 	 * low memory or external fragmentation
 	 *
-	 * index of -1 implies allocations might succeed dependingon watermarks
+	 * index of -1000 implies allocations might succeed depending on
+	 * watermarks
 	 * index towards 0 implies failure is due to lack of memory
 	 * index towards 1000 implies failure is due to fragmentation
 	 *
@@ -490,7 +513,8 @@ unsigned long compaction_suitable(struct zone *zone, int order)
 	if (fragindex >= 0 && fragindex <= sysctl_extfrag_threshold)
 		return COMPACT_SKIPPED;
 
-	if (fragindex == -1 && zone_watermark_ok(zone, order, watermark, 0, 0))
+	if (fragindex == -1000 && zone_watermark_ok(zone, order, watermark,
+	    0, 0))
 		return COMPACT_PARTIAL;
 
 	return COMPACT_CONTINUE;
@@ -522,8 +546,15 @@ static int compact_zone(struct zone *zone, struct compact_control *cc)
 		unsigned long nr_migrate, nr_remaining;
 		int err;
 
-		if (!isolate_migratepages(zone, cc))
+		switch (isolate_migratepages(zone, cc)) {
+		case ISOLATE_ABORT:
+			ret = COMPACT_PARTIAL;
+			goto out;
+		case ISOLATE_NONE:
 			continue;
+		case ISOLATE_SUCCESS:
+			;
+		}
 
 		nr_migrate = cc->nr_migratepages;
 		err = migrate_pages(&cc->migratepages, compaction_alloc,
@@ -547,6 +578,7 @@ static int compact_zone(struct zone *zone, struct compact_control *cc)
 
 	}
 
+out:
 	/* Release free pages and check accounting */
 	cc->nr_freepages -= release_freepages(&cc->freepages);
 	VM_BUG_ON(cc->nr_freepages != 0);
diff --git a/mm/huge_memory.c b/mm/huge_memory.c
index 615d974..81532f2 100644
--- a/mm/huge_memory.c
+++ b/mm/huge_memory.c
@@ -2234,11 +2234,8 @@ static void khugepaged_loop(void)
 	while (likely(khugepaged_enabled())) {
 #ifndef CONFIG_NUMA
 		hpage = khugepaged_alloc_hugepage();
-		if (unlikely(!hpage)) {
-			count_vm_event(THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC_FAILED);
+		if (unlikely(!hpage))
 			break;
-		}
-		count_vm_event(THP_COLLAPSE_ALLOC);
 #else
 		if (IS_ERR(hpage)) {
 			khugepaged_alloc_sleep();
diff --git a/mm/hugetlb.c b/mm/hugetlb.c
index 6402458..bfcf153 100644
--- a/mm/hugetlb.c
+++ b/mm/hugetlb.c
@@ -1111,6 +1111,14 @@ static void __init gather_bootmem_prealloc(void)
 		WARN_ON(page_count(page) != 1);
 		prep_compound_huge_page(page, h->order);
 		prep_new_huge_page(h, page, page_to_nid(page));
+		/*
+		 * If we had gigantic hugepages allocated at boot time, we need
+		 * to restore the 'stolen' pages to totalram_pages in order to
+		 * fix confusing memory reports from free(1) and another
+		 * side-effects, like CommitLimit going negative.
+		 */
+		if (h->order > (MAX_ORDER - 1))
+			totalram_pages += 1 << h->order;
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/mm/ksm.c b/mm/ksm.c
index d708b3e..9a68b0c 100644
--- a/mm/ksm.c
+++ b/mm/ksm.c
@@ -1302,6 +1302,12 @@ static struct rmap_item *scan_get_next_rmap_item(struct page **page)
 		slot = list_entry(slot->mm_list.next, struct mm_slot, mm_list);
 		ksm_scan.mm_slot = slot;
 		spin_unlock(&ksm_mmlist_lock);
+		/*
+		 * Although we tested list_empty() above, a racing __ksm_exit
+		 * of the last mm on the list may have removed it since then.
+		 */
+		if (slot == &ksm_mm_head)
+			return NULL;
 next_mm:
 		ksm_scan.address = 0;
 		ksm_scan.rmap_list = &slot->rmap_list;
diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
index bd9052a..e013b8e 100644
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include <linux/limits.h>
 #include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
+#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/swap.h>
 #include <linux/swapops.h>
@@ -107,10 +108,12 @@ enum mem_cgroup_events_index {
 enum mem_cgroup_events_target {
 	MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_THRESH,
 	MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_SOFTLIMIT,
+	MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_NUMAINFO,
 	MEM_CGROUP_NTARGETS,
 };
 #define THRESHOLDS_EVENTS_TARGET (128)
 #define SOFTLIMIT_EVENTS_TARGET (1024)
+#define NUMAINFO_EVENTS_TARGET	(1024)
 
 struct mem_cgroup_stat_cpu {
 	long count[MEM_CGROUP_STAT_NSTATS];
@@ -236,7 +239,8 @@ struct mem_cgroup {
 	int last_scanned_node;
 #if MAX_NUMNODES > 1
 	nodemask_t	scan_nodes;
-	unsigned long   next_scan_node_update;
+	atomic_t	numainfo_events;
+	atomic_t	numainfo_updating;
 #endif
 	/*
 	 * Should the accounting and control be hierarchical, per subtree?
@@ -359,7 +363,7 @@ enum charge_type {
 static void mem_cgroup_get(struct mem_cgroup *mem);
 static void mem_cgroup_put(struct mem_cgroup *mem);
 static struct mem_cgroup *parent_mem_cgroup(struct mem_cgroup *mem);
-static void drain_all_stock_async(void);
+static void drain_all_stock_async(struct mem_cgroup *mem);
 
 static struct mem_cgroup_per_zone *
 mem_cgroup_zoneinfo(struct mem_cgroup *mem, int nid, int zid)
@@ -576,15 +580,6 @@ static long mem_cgroup_read_stat(struct mem_cgroup *mem,
 	return val;
 }
 
-static long mem_cgroup_local_usage(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
-{
-	long ret;
-
-	ret = mem_cgroup_read_stat(mem, MEM_CGROUP_STAT_RSS);
-	ret += mem_cgroup_read_stat(mem, MEM_CGROUP_STAT_CACHE);
-	return ret;
-}
-
 static void mem_cgroup_swap_statistics(struct mem_cgroup *mem,
 					 bool charge)
 {
@@ -688,6 +683,9 @@ static void __mem_cgroup_target_update(struct mem_cgroup *mem, int target)
 	case MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_SOFTLIMIT:
 		next = val + SOFTLIMIT_EVENTS_TARGET;
 		break;
+	case MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_NUMAINFO:
+		next = val + NUMAINFO_EVENTS_TARGET;
+		break;
 	default:
 		return;
 	}
@@ -706,11 +704,19 @@ static void memcg_check_events(struct mem_cgroup *mem, struct page *page)
 		mem_cgroup_threshold(mem);
 		__mem_cgroup_target_update(mem, MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_THRESH);
 		if (unlikely(__memcg_event_check(mem,
-			MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_SOFTLIMIT))){
+			     MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_SOFTLIMIT))) {
 			mem_cgroup_update_tree(mem, page);
 			__mem_cgroup_target_update(mem,
-				MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_SOFTLIMIT);
+						   MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_SOFTLIMIT);
 		}
+#if MAX_NUMNODES > 1
+		if (unlikely(__memcg_event_check(mem,
+			MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_NUMAINFO))) {
+			atomic_inc(&mem->numainfo_events);
+			__mem_cgroup_target_update(mem,
+				MEM_CGROUP_TARGET_NUMAINFO);
+		}
+#endif
 	}
 }
 
@@ -735,7 +741,7 @@ struct mem_cgroup *mem_cgroup_from_task(struct task_struct *p)
 				struct mem_cgroup, css);
 }
 
-static struct mem_cgroup *try_get_mem_cgroup_from_mm(struct mm_struct *mm)
+struct mem_cgroup *try_get_mem_cgroup_from_mm(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
 	struct mem_cgroup *mem = NULL;
 
@@ -1128,7 +1134,6 @@ unsigned long mem_cgroup_zone_nr_lru_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 	return MEM_CGROUP_ZSTAT(mz, lru);
 }
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 static unsigned long mem_cgroup_node_nr_file_lru_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 							int nid)
 {
@@ -1140,6 +1145,17 @@ static unsigned long mem_cgroup_node_nr_file_lru_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static unsigned long mem_cgroup_node_nr_anon_lru_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
+							int nid)
+{
+	unsigned long ret;
+
+	ret = mem_cgroup_get_zonestat_node(memcg, nid, LRU_INACTIVE_ANON) +
+		mem_cgroup_get_zonestat_node(memcg, nid, LRU_ACTIVE_ANON);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#if MAX_NUMNODES > 1
 static unsigned long mem_cgroup_nr_file_lru_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 {
 	u64 total = 0;
@@ -1151,17 +1167,6 @@ static unsigned long mem_cgroup_nr_file_lru_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 	return total;
 }
 
-static unsigned long mem_cgroup_node_nr_anon_lru_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
-							int nid)
-{
-	unsigned long ret;
-
-	ret = mem_cgroup_get_zonestat_node(memcg, nid, LRU_INACTIVE_ANON) +
-		mem_cgroup_get_zonestat_node(memcg, nid, LRU_ACTIVE_ANON);
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
 static unsigned long mem_cgroup_nr_anon_lru_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
 {
 	u64 total = 0;
@@ -1558,6 +1563,28 @@ mem_cgroup_select_victim(struct mem_cgroup *root_mem)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+/**
+ * test_mem_cgroup_node_reclaimable
+ * @mem: the target memcg
+ * @nid: the node ID to be checked.
+ * @noswap : specify true here if the user wants flle only information.
+ *
+ * This function returns whether the specified memcg contains any
+ * reclaimable pages on a node. Returns true if there are any reclaimable
+ * pages in the node.
+ */
+static bool test_mem_cgroup_node_reclaimable(struct mem_cgroup *mem,
+		int nid, bool noswap)
+{
+	if (mem_cgroup_node_nr_file_lru_pages(mem, nid))
+		return true;
+	if (noswap || !total_swap_pages)
+		return false;
+	if (mem_cgroup_node_nr_anon_lru_pages(mem, nid))
+		return true;
+	return false;
+
+}
 #if MAX_NUMNODES > 1
 
 /*
@@ -1569,26 +1596,26 @@ mem_cgroup_select_victim(struct mem_cgroup *root_mem)
 static void mem_cgroup_may_update_nodemask(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
 {
 	int nid;
-
-	if (time_after(mem->next_scan_node_update, jiffies))
+	/*
+	 * numainfo_events > 0 means there was at least NUMAINFO_EVENTS_TARGET
+	 * pagein/pageout changes since the last update.
+	 */
+	if (!atomic_read(&mem->numainfo_events))
+		return;
+	if (atomic_inc_return(&mem->numainfo_updating) > 1)
 		return;
 
-	mem->next_scan_node_update = jiffies + 10*HZ;
 	/* make a nodemask where this memcg uses memory from */
 	mem->scan_nodes = node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY];
 
 	for_each_node_mask(nid, node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY]) {
 
-		if (mem_cgroup_get_zonestat_node(mem, nid, LRU_INACTIVE_FILE) ||
-		    mem_cgroup_get_zonestat_node(mem, nid, LRU_ACTIVE_FILE))
-			continue;
-
-		if (total_swap_pages &&
-		    (mem_cgroup_get_zonestat_node(mem, nid, LRU_INACTIVE_ANON) ||
-		     mem_cgroup_get_zonestat_node(mem, nid, LRU_ACTIVE_ANON)))
-			continue;
-		node_clear(nid, mem->scan_nodes);
+		if (!test_mem_cgroup_node_reclaimable(mem, nid, false))
+			node_clear(nid, mem->scan_nodes);
 	}
+
+	atomic_set(&mem->numainfo_events, 0);
+	atomic_set(&mem->numainfo_updating, 0);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1626,11 +1653,51 @@ int mem_cgroup_select_victim_node(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
 	return node;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Check all nodes whether it contains reclaimable pages or not.
+ * For quick scan, we make use of scan_nodes. This will allow us to skip
+ * unused nodes. But scan_nodes is lazily updated and may not cotain
+ * enough new information. We need to do double check.
+ */
+bool mem_cgroup_reclaimable(struct mem_cgroup *mem, bool noswap)
+{
+	int nid;
+
+	/*
+	 * quick check...making use of scan_node.
+	 * We can skip unused nodes.
+	 */
+	if (!nodes_empty(mem->scan_nodes)) {
+		for (nid = first_node(mem->scan_nodes);
+		     nid < MAX_NUMNODES;
+		     nid = next_node(nid, mem->scan_nodes)) {
+
+			if (test_mem_cgroup_node_reclaimable(mem, nid, noswap))
+				return true;
+		}
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Check rest of nodes.
+	 */
+	for_each_node_state(nid, N_HIGH_MEMORY) {
+		if (node_isset(nid, mem->scan_nodes))
+			continue;
+		if (test_mem_cgroup_node_reclaimable(mem, nid, noswap))
+			return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
 #else
 int mem_cgroup_select_victim_node(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
 {
 	return 0;
 }
+
+bool mem_cgroup_reclaimable(struct mem_cgroup *mem, bool noswap)
+{
+	return test_mem_cgroup_node_reclaimable(mem, 0, noswap);
+}
 #endif
 
 /*
@@ -1663,15 +1730,21 @@ static int mem_cgroup_hierarchical_reclaim(struct mem_cgroup *root_mem,
 	excess = res_counter_soft_limit_excess(&root_mem->res) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 
 	/* If memsw_is_minimum==1, swap-out is of-no-use. */
-	if (root_mem->memsw_is_minimum)
+	if (!check_soft && root_mem->memsw_is_minimum)
 		noswap = true;
 
 	while (1) {
 		victim = mem_cgroup_select_victim(root_mem);
 		if (victim == root_mem) {
 			loop++;
-			if (loop >= 1)
-				drain_all_stock_async();
+			/*
+			 * We are not draining per cpu cached charges during
+			 * soft limit reclaim  because global reclaim doesn't
+			 * care about charges. It tries to free some memory and
+			 * charges will not give any.
+			 */
+			if (!check_soft && loop >= 1)
+				drain_all_stock_async(root_mem);
 			if (loop >= 2) {
 				/*
 				 * If we have not been able to reclaim
@@ -1695,7 +1768,7 @@ static int mem_cgroup_hierarchical_reclaim(struct mem_cgroup *root_mem,
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		if (!mem_cgroup_local_usage(victim)) {
+		if (!mem_cgroup_reclaimable(victim, noswap)) {
 			/* this cgroup's local usage == 0 */
 			css_put(&victim->css);
 			continue;
@@ -1934,9 +2007,11 @@ struct memcg_stock_pcp {
 	struct mem_cgroup *cached; /* this never be root cgroup */
 	unsigned int nr_pages;
 	struct work_struct work;
+	unsigned long flags;
+#define FLUSHING_CACHED_CHARGE	(0)
 };
 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct memcg_stock_pcp, memcg_stock);
-static atomic_t memcg_drain_count;
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(percpu_charge_mutex);
 
 /*
  * Try to consume stocked charge on this cpu. If success, one page is consumed
@@ -1984,6 +2059,7 @@ static void drain_local_stock(struct work_struct *dummy)
 {
 	struct memcg_stock_pcp *stock = &__get_cpu_var(memcg_stock);
 	drain_stock(stock);
+	clear_bit(FLUSHING_CACHED_CHARGE, &stock->flags);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2008,26 +2084,45 @@ static void refill_stock(struct mem_cgroup *mem, unsigned int nr_pages)
  * expects some charges will be back to res_counter later but cannot wait for
  * it.
  */
-static void drain_all_stock_async(void)
+static void drain_all_stock_async(struct mem_cgroup *root_mem)
 {
-	int cpu;
-	/* This function is for scheduling "drain" in asynchronous way.
-	 * The result of "drain" is not directly handled by callers. Then,
-	 * if someone is calling drain, we don't have to call drain more.
-	 * Anyway, WORK_STRUCT_PENDING check in queue_work_on() will catch if
-	 * there is a race. We just do loose check here.
+	int cpu, curcpu;
+	/*
+	 * If someone calls draining, avoid adding more kworker runs.
 	 */
-	if (atomic_read(&memcg_drain_count))
+	if (!mutex_trylock(&percpu_charge_mutex))
 		return;
 	/* Notify other cpus that system-wide "drain" is running */
-	atomic_inc(&memcg_drain_count);
 	get_online_cpus();
+	/*
+	 * Get a hint for avoiding draining charges on the current cpu,
+	 * which must be exhausted by our charging.  It is not required that
+	 * this be a precise check, so we use raw_smp_processor_id() instead of
+	 * getcpu()/putcpu().
+	 */
+	curcpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
 		struct memcg_stock_pcp *stock = &per_cpu(memcg_stock, cpu);
-		schedule_work_on(cpu, &stock->work);
+		struct mem_cgroup *mem;
+
+		if (cpu == curcpu)
+			continue;
+
+		mem = stock->cached;
+		if (!mem)
+			continue;
+		if (mem != root_mem) {
+			if (!root_mem->use_hierarchy)
+				continue;
+			/* check whether "mem" is under tree of "root_mem" */
+			if (!css_is_ancestor(&mem->css, &root_mem->css))
+				continue;
+		}
+		if (!test_and_set_bit(FLUSHING_CACHED_CHARGE, &stock->flags))
+			schedule_work_on(cpu, &stock->work);
 	}
  	put_online_cpus();
-	atomic_dec(&memcg_drain_count);
+	mutex_unlock(&percpu_charge_mutex);
 	/* We don't wait for flush_work */
 }
 
@@ -2035,9 +2130,9 @@ static void drain_all_stock_async(void)
 static void drain_all_stock_sync(void)
 {
 	/* called when force_empty is called */
-	atomic_inc(&memcg_drain_count);
+	mutex_lock(&percpu_charge_mutex);
 	schedule_on_each_cpu(drain_local_stock);
-	atomic_dec(&memcg_drain_count);
+	mutex_unlock(&percpu_charge_mutex);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4640,6 +4735,7 @@ static struct cftype mem_cgroup_files[] = {
 	{
 		.name = "numa_stat",
 		.open = mem_control_numa_stat_open,
+		.mode = S_IRUGO,
 	},
 #endif
 };
@@ -5414,18 +5510,16 @@ static void mem_cgroup_move_task(struct cgroup_subsys *ss,
 				struct cgroup *old_cont,
 				struct task_struct *p)
 {
-	struct mm_struct *mm;
+	struct mm_struct *mm = get_task_mm(p);
 
-	if (!mc.to)
-		/* no need to move charge */
-		return;
-
-	mm = get_task_mm(p);
 	if (mm) {
-		mem_cgroup_move_charge(mm);
+		if (mc.to)
+			mem_cgroup_move_charge(mm);
+		put_swap_token(mm);
 		mmput(mm);
 	}
-	mem_cgroup_clear_mc();
+	if (mc.to)
+		mem_cgroup_clear_mc();
 }
 #else	/* !CONFIG_MMU */
 static int mem_cgroup_can_attach(struct cgroup_subsys *ss,
diff --git a/mm/memory-failure.c b/mm/memory-failure.c
index 5c8f7e0..740c4f5 100644
--- a/mm/memory-failure.c
+++ b/mm/memory-failure.c
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 #include <linux/swapops.h>
 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
 #include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
+#include <linux/mm_inline.h>
 #include "internal.h"
 
 int sysctl_memory_failure_early_kill __read_mostly = 0;
@@ -390,10 +391,11 @@ static void collect_procs_anon(struct page *page, struct list_head *to_kill,
 	struct task_struct *tsk;
 	struct anon_vma *av;
 
-	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
 	av = page_lock_anon_vma(page);
 	if (av == NULL)	/* Not actually mapped anymore */
-		goto out;
+		return;
+
+	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
 	for_each_process (tsk) {
 		struct anon_vma_chain *vmac;
 
@@ -407,9 +409,8 @@ static void collect_procs_anon(struct page *page, struct list_head *to_kill,
 				add_to_kill(tsk, page, vma, to_kill, tkc);
 		}
 	}
-	page_unlock_anon_vma(av);
-out:
 	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
+	page_unlock_anon_vma(av);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -423,17 +424,8 @@ static void collect_procs_file(struct page *page, struct list_head *to_kill,
 	struct prio_tree_iter iter;
 	struct address_space *mapping = page->mapping;
 
-	/*
-	 * A note on the locking order between the two locks.
-	 * We don't rely on this particular order.
-	 * If you have some other code that needs a different order
-	 * feel free to switch them around. Or add a reverse link
-	 * from mm_struct to task_struct, then this could be all
-	 * done without taking tasklist_lock and looping over all tasks.
-	 */
-
-	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
 	mutex_lock(&mapping->i_mmap_mutex);
+	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
 	for_each_process(tsk) {
 		pgoff_t pgoff = page->index << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
 
@@ -453,8 +445,8 @@ static void collect_procs_file(struct page *page, struct list_head *to_kill,
 				add_to_kill(tsk, page, vma, to_kill, tkc);
 		}
 	}
-	mutex_unlock(&mapping->i_mmap_mutex);
 	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
+	mutex_unlock(&mapping->i_mmap_mutex);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1468,7 +1460,8 @@ int soft_offline_page(struct page *page, int flags)
 	put_page(page);
 	if (!ret) {
 		LIST_HEAD(pagelist);
-
+		inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_ISOLATED_ANON +
+					    page_is_file_cache(page));
 		list_add(&page->lru, &pagelist);
 		ret = migrate_pages(&pagelist, new_page, MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL,
 								0, true);
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 6953d39..9b8a01d 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -305,6 +305,7 @@ int __tlb_remove_page(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct page *page)
 	if (batch->nr == batch->max) {
 		if (!tlb_next_batch(tlb))
 			return 0;
+		batch = tlb->active;
 	}
 	VM_BUG_ON(batch->nr > batch->max);
 
@@ -1112,11 +1113,13 @@ static unsigned long zap_pte_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
 	int force_flush = 0;
 	int rss[NR_MM_COUNTERS];
 	spinlock_t *ptl;
+	pte_t *start_pte;
 	pte_t *pte;
 
 again:
 	init_rss_vec(rss);
-	pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
+	start_pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
+	pte = start_pte;
 	arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
 	do {
 		pte_t ptent = *pte;
@@ -1196,7 +1199,7 @@ again:
 
 	add_mm_rss_vec(mm, rss);
 	arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
-	pte_unmap_unlock(pte - 1, ptl);
+	pte_unmap_unlock(start_pte, ptl);
 
 	/*
 	 * mmu_gather ran out of room to batch pages, we break out of
@@ -1296,7 +1299,7 @@ static unsigned long unmap_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
 
 /**
  * unmap_vmas - unmap a range of memory covered by a list of vma's
- * @tlbp: address of the caller's struct mmu_gather
+ * @tlb: address of the caller's struct mmu_gather
  * @vma: the starting vma
  * @start_addr: virtual address at which to start unmapping
  * @end_addr: virtual address at which to end unmapping
@@ -2796,30 +2799,6 @@ void unmap_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unmap_mapping_range);
 
-int vmtruncate_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t end)
-{
-	struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;
-
-	/*
-	 * If the underlying filesystem is not going to provide
-	 * a way to truncate a range of blocks (punch a hole) -
-	 * we should return failure right now.
-	 */
-	if (!inode->i_op->truncate_range)
-		return -ENOSYS;
-
-	mutex_lock(&inode->i_mutex);
-	down_write(&inode->i_alloc_sem);
-	unmap_mapping_range(mapping, offset, (end - offset), 1);
-	truncate_inode_pages_range(mapping, offset, end);
-	unmap_mapping_range(mapping, offset, (end - offset), 1);
-	inode->i_op->truncate_range(inode, offset, end);
-	up_write(&inode->i_alloc_sem);
-	mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
 /*
  * We enter with non-exclusive mmap_sem (to exclude vma changes,
  * but allow concurrent faults), and pte mapped but not yet locked.
diff --git a/mm/memory_hotplug.c b/mm/memory_hotplug.c
index 9f64637..c46887b 100644
--- a/mm/memory_hotplug.c
+++ b/mm/memory_hotplug.c
@@ -494,6 +494,14 @@ static pg_data_t __ref *hotadd_new_pgdat(int nid, u64 start)
 	/* init node's zones as empty zones, we don't have any present pages.*/
 	free_area_init_node(nid, zones_size, start_pfn, zholes_size);
 
+	/*
+	 * The node we allocated has no zone fallback lists. For avoiding
+	 * to access not-initialized zonelist, build here.
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&zonelists_mutex);
+	build_all_zonelists(NULL);
+	mutex_unlock(&zonelists_mutex);
+
 	return pgdat;
 }
 
@@ -515,7 +523,7 @@ int mem_online_node(int nid)
 
 	lock_memory_hotplug();
 	pgdat = hotadd_new_pgdat(nid, 0);
-	if (pgdat) {
+	if (!pgdat) {
 		ret = -ENOMEM;
 		goto out;
 	}
diff --git a/mm/migrate.c b/mm/migrate.c
index e4a5c91..666e4e6 100644
--- a/mm/migrate.c
+++ b/mm/migrate.c
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ static int migrate_page_move_mapping(struct address_space *mapping,
 	 */
 	__dec_zone_page_state(page, NR_FILE_PAGES);
 	__inc_zone_page_state(newpage, NR_FILE_PAGES);
-	if (PageSwapBacked(page)) {
+	if (!PageSwapCache(page) && PageSwapBacked(page)) {
 		__dec_zone_page_state(page, NR_SHMEM);
 		__inc_zone_page_state(newpage, NR_SHMEM);
 	}
diff --git a/mm/mmap.c b/mm/mmap.c
index bbdc9af..d49736f 100644
--- a/mm/mmap.c
+++ b/mm/mmap.c
@@ -906,14 +906,7 @@ struct anon_vma *find_mergeable_anon_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	if (anon_vma)
 		return anon_vma;
 try_prev:
-	/*
-	 * It is potentially slow to have to call find_vma_prev here.
-	 * But it's only on the first write fault on the vma, not
-	 * every time, and we could devise a way to avoid it later
-	 * (e.g. stash info in next's anon_vma_node when assigning
-	 * an anon_vma, or when trying vma_merge).  Another time.
-	 */
-	BUG_ON(find_vma_prev(vma->vm_mm, vma->vm_start, &near) != vma);
+	near = vma->vm_prev;
 	if (!near)
 		goto none;
 
@@ -2044,9 +2037,10 @@ int do_munmap(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start, size_t len)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	/* Find the first overlapping VMA */
-	vma = find_vma_prev(mm, start, &prev);
+	vma = find_vma(mm, start);
 	if (!vma)
 		return 0;
+	prev = vma->vm_prev;
 	/* we have  start < vma->vm_end  */
 
 	/* if it doesn't overlap, we have nothing.. */
diff --git a/mm/nommu.c b/mm/nommu.c
index 1fd0c51..9edc897 100644
--- a/mm/nommu.c
+++ b/mm/nommu.c
@@ -1813,10 +1813,13 @@ struct page *follow_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-int remap_pfn_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long from,
-		unsigned long to, unsigned long size, pgprot_t prot)
+int remap_pfn_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
+		unsigned long pfn, unsigned long size, pgprot_t prot)
 {
-	vma->vm_start = vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
+	if (addr != (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	vma->vm_flags |= VM_IO | VM_RESERVED | VM_PFNMAP;
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(remap_pfn_range);
diff --git a/mm/page_cgroup.c b/mm/page_cgroup.c
index 74ccff6..53bffc6 100644
--- a/mm/page_cgroup.c
+++ b/mm/page_cgroup.c
@@ -162,13 +162,13 @@ static void free_page_cgroup(void *addr)
 }
 #endif
 
-static int __meminit init_section_page_cgroup(unsigned long pfn)
+static int __meminit init_section_page_cgroup(unsigned long pfn, int nid)
 {
 	struct page_cgroup *base, *pc;
 	struct mem_section *section;
 	unsigned long table_size;
 	unsigned long nr;
-	int nid, index;
+	int index;
 
 	nr = pfn_to_section_nr(pfn);
 	section = __nr_to_section(nr);
@@ -176,7 +176,6 @@ static int __meminit init_section_page_cgroup(unsigned long pfn)
 	if (section->page_cgroup)
 		return 0;
 
-	nid = page_to_nid(pfn_to_page(pfn));
 	table_size = sizeof(struct page_cgroup) * PAGES_PER_SECTION;
 	base = alloc_page_cgroup(table_size, nid);
 
@@ -196,7 +195,11 @@ static int __meminit init_section_page_cgroup(unsigned long pfn)
 		pc = base + index;
 		init_page_cgroup(pc, nr);
 	}
-
+	/*
+	 * The passed "pfn" may not be aligned to SECTION.  For the calculation
+	 * we need to apply a mask.
+	 */
+	pfn &= PAGE_SECTION_MASK;
 	section->page_cgroup = base - pfn;
 	total_usage += table_size;
 	return 0;
@@ -225,10 +228,20 @@ int __meminit online_page_cgroup(unsigned long start_pfn,
 	start = start_pfn & ~(PAGES_PER_SECTION - 1);
 	end = ALIGN(start_pfn + nr_pages, PAGES_PER_SECTION);
 
+	if (nid == -1) {
+		/*
+		 * In this case, "nid" already exists and contains valid memory.
+		 * "start_pfn" passed to us is a pfn which is an arg for
+		 * online__pages(), and start_pfn should exist.
+		 */
+		nid = pfn_to_nid(start_pfn);
+		VM_BUG_ON(!node_state(nid, N_ONLINE));
+	}
+
 	for (pfn = start; !fail && pfn < end; pfn += PAGES_PER_SECTION) {
 		if (!pfn_present(pfn))
 			continue;
-		fail = init_section_page_cgroup(pfn);
+		fail = init_section_page_cgroup(pfn, nid);
 	}
 	if (!fail)
 		return 0;
@@ -284,25 +297,47 @@ static int __meminit page_cgroup_callback(struct notifier_block *self,
 void __init page_cgroup_init(void)
 {
 	unsigned long pfn;
-	int fail = 0;
+	int nid;
 
 	if (mem_cgroup_disabled())
 		return;
 
-	for (pfn = 0; !fail && pfn < max_pfn; pfn += PAGES_PER_SECTION) {
-		if (!pfn_present(pfn))
-			continue;
-		fail = init_section_page_cgroup(pfn);
-	}
-	if (fail) {
-		printk(KERN_CRIT "try 'cgroup_disable=memory' boot option\n");
-		panic("Out of memory");
-	} else {
-		hotplug_memory_notifier(page_cgroup_callback, 0);
+	for_each_node_state(nid, N_HIGH_MEMORY) {
+		unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
+
+		start_pfn = node_start_pfn(nid);
+		end_pfn = node_end_pfn(nid);
+		/*
+		 * start_pfn and end_pfn may not be aligned to SECTION and the
+		 * page->flags of out of node pages are not initialized.  So we
+		 * scan [start_pfn, the biggest section's pfn < end_pfn) here.
+		 */
+		for (pfn = start_pfn;
+		     pfn < end_pfn;
+                     pfn = ALIGN(pfn + 1, PAGES_PER_SECTION)) {
+
+			if (!pfn_valid(pfn))
+				continue;
+			/*
+			 * Nodes's pfns can be overlapping.
+			 * We know some arch can have a nodes layout such as
+			 * -------------pfn-------------->
+			 * N0 | N1 | N2 | N0 | N1 | N2|....
+			 */
+			if (pfn_to_nid(pfn) != nid)
+				continue;
+			if (init_section_page_cgroup(pfn, nid))
+				goto oom;
+		}
 	}
+	hotplug_memory_notifier(page_cgroup_callback, 0);
 	printk(KERN_INFO "allocated %ld bytes of page_cgroup\n", total_usage);
-	printk(KERN_INFO "please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you don't"
-	" want memory cgroups\n");
+	printk(KERN_INFO "please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you "
+			 "don't want memory cgroups\n");
+	return;
+oom:
+	printk(KERN_CRIT "try 'cgroup_disable=memory' boot option\n");
+	panic("Out of memory");
 }
 
 void __meminit pgdat_page_cgroup_init(struct pglist_data *pgdat)
diff --git a/mm/rmap.c b/mm/rmap.c
index 0eb463e..23295f65 100644
--- a/mm/rmap.c
+++ b/mm/rmap.c
@@ -38,9 +38,8 @@
  *                           in arch-dependent flush_dcache_mmap_lock,
  *                           within inode_wb_list_lock in __sync_single_inode)
  *
- * (code doesn't rely on that order so it could be switched around)
- * ->tasklist_lock
- *   anon_vma->mutex      (memory_failure, collect_procs_anon)
+ * anon_vma->mutex,mapping->i_mutex      (memory_failure, collect_procs_anon)
+ *   ->tasklist_lock
  *     pte map lock
  */
 
@@ -112,9 +111,9 @@ static inline void anon_vma_free(struct anon_vma *anon_vma)
 	kmem_cache_free(anon_vma_cachep, anon_vma);
 }
 
-static inline struct anon_vma_chain *anon_vma_chain_alloc(void)
+static inline struct anon_vma_chain *anon_vma_chain_alloc(gfp_t gfp)
 {
-	return kmem_cache_alloc(anon_vma_chain_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
+	return kmem_cache_alloc(anon_vma_chain_cachep, gfp);
 }
 
 static void anon_vma_chain_free(struct anon_vma_chain *anon_vma_chain)
@@ -159,7 +158,7 @@ int anon_vma_prepare(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 		struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
 		struct anon_vma *allocated;
 
-		avc = anon_vma_chain_alloc();
+		avc = anon_vma_chain_alloc(GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (!avc)
 			goto out_enomem;
 
@@ -200,6 +199,32 @@ int anon_vma_prepare(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	return -ENOMEM;
 }
 
+/*
+ * This is a useful helper function for locking the anon_vma root as
+ * we traverse the vma->anon_vma_chain, looping over anon_vma's that
+ * have the same vma.
+ *
+ * Such anon_vma's should have the same root, so you'd expect to see
+ * just a single mutex_lock for the whole traversal.
+ */
+static inline struct anon_vma *lock_anon_vma_root(struct anon_vma *root, struct anon_vma *anon_vma)
+{
+	struct anon_vma *new_root = anon_vma->root;
+	if (new_root != root) {
+		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(root))
+			mutex_unlock(&root->mutex);
+		root = new_root;
+		mutex_lock(&root->mutex);
+	}
+	return root;
+}
+
+static inline void unlock_anon_vma_root(struct anon_vma *root)
+{
+	if (root)
+		mutex_unlock(&root->mutex);
+}
+
 static void anon_vma_chain_link(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 				struct anon_vma_chain *avc,
 				struct anon_vma *anon_vma)
@@ -208,13 +233,11 @@ static void anon_vma_chain_link(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 	avc->anon_vma = anon_vma;
 	list_add(&avc->same_vma, &vma->anon_vma_chain);
 
-	anon_vma_lock(anon_vma);
 	/*
 	 * It's critical to add new vmas to the tail of the anon_vma,
 	 * see comment in huge_memory.c:__split_huge_page().
 	 */
 	list_add_tail(&avc->same_anon_vma, &anon_vma->head);
-	anon_vma_unlock(anon_vma);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -224,13 +247,24 @@ static void anon_vma_chain_link(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 int anon_vma_clone(struct vm_area_struct *dst, struct vm_area_struct *src)
 {
 	struct anon_vma_chain *avc, *pavc;
+	struct anon_vma *root = NULL;
 
 	list_for_each_entry_reverse(pavc, &src->anon_vma_chain, same_vma) {
-		avc = anon_vma_chain_alloc();
-		if (!avc)
-			goto enomem_failure;
-		anon_vma_chain_link(dst, avc, pavc->anon_vma);
+		struct anon_vma *anon_vma;
+
+		avc = anon_vma_chain_alloc(GFP_NOWAIT | __GFP_NOWARN);
+		if (unlikely(!avc)) {
+			unlock_anon_vma_root(root);
+			root = NULL;
+			avc = anon_vma_chain_alloc(GFP_KERNEL);
+			if (!avc)
+				goto enomem_failure;
+		}
+		anon_vma = pavc->anon_vma;
+		root = lock_anon_vma_root(root, anon_vma);
+		anon_vma_chain_link(dst, avc, anon_vma);
 	}
+	unlock_anon_vma_root(root);
 	return 0;
 
  enomem_failure:
@@ -263,7 +297,7 @@ int anon_vma_fork(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct *pvma)
 	anon_vma = anon_vma_alloc();
 	if (!anon_vma)
 		goto out_error;
-	avc = anon_vma_chain_alloc();
+	avc = anon_vma_chain_alloc(GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!avc)
 		goto out_error_free_anon_vma;
 
@@ -280,7 +314,9 @@ int anon_vma_fork(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct *pvma)
 	get_anon_vma(anon_vma->root);
 	/* Mark this anon_vma as the one where our new (COWed) pages go. */
 	vma->anon_vma = anon_vma;
+	anon_vma_lock(anon_vma);
 	anon_vma_chain_link(vma, avc, anon_vma);
+	anon_vma_unlock(anon_vma);
 
 	return 0;
 
@@ -291,36 +327,43 @@ int anon_vma_fork(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct *pvma)
 	return -ENOMEM;
 }
 
-static void anon_vma_unlink(struct anon_vma_chain *anon_vma_chain)
-{
-	struct anon_vma *anon_vma = anon_vma_chain->anon_vma;
-	int empty;
-
-	/* If anon_vma_fork fails, we can get an empty anon_vma_chain. */
-	if (!anon_vma)
-		return;
-
-	anon_vma_lock(anon_vma);
-	list_del(&anon_vma_chain->same_anon_vma);
-
-	/* We must garbage collect the anon_vma if it's empty */
-	empty = list_empty(&anon_vma->head);
-	anon_vma_unlock(anon_vma);
-
-	if (empty)
-		put_anon_vma(anon_vma);
-}
-
 void unlink_anon_vmas(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 {
 	struct anon_vma_chain *avc, *next;
+	struct anon_vma *root = NULL;
 
 	/*
 	 * Unlink each anon_vma chained to the VMA.  This list is ordered
 	 * from newest to oldest, ensuring the root anon_vma gets freed last.
 	 */
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(avc, next, &vma->anon_vma_chain, same_vma) {
-		anon_vma_unlink(avc);
+		struct anon_vma *anon_vma = avc->anon_vma;
+
+		root = lock_anon_vma_root(root, anon_vma);
+		list_del(&avc->same_anon_vma);
+
+		/*
+		 * Leave empty anon_vmas on the list - we'll need
+		 * to free them outside the lock.
+		 */
+		if (list_empty(&anon_vma->head))
+			continue;
+
+		list_del(&avc->same_vma);
+		anon_vma_chain_free(avc);
+	}
+	unlock_anon_vma_root(root);
+
+	/*
+	 * Iterate the list once more, it now only contains empty and unlinked
+	 * anon_vmas, destroy them. Could not do before due to __put_anon_vma()
+	 * needing to acquire the anon_vma->root->mutex.
+	 */
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(avc, next, &vma->anon_vma_chain, same_vma) {
+		struct anon_vma *anon_vma = avc->anon_vma;
+
+		put_anon_vma(anon_vma);
+
 		list_del(&avc->same_vma);
 		anon_vma_chain_free(avc);
 	}
diff --git a/mm/shmem.c b/mm/shmem.c
index d221a1c..fcedf54 100644
--- a/mm/shmem.c
+++ b/mm/shmem.c
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ static void shmem_free_pages(struct list_head *next)
 	} while (next);
 }
 
-static void shmem_truncate_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t start, loff_t end)
+void shmem_truncate_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t start, loff_t end)
 {
 	struct shmem_inode_info *info = SHMEM_I(inode);
 	unsigned long idx;
@@ -562,6 +562,8 @@ static void shmem_truncate_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t start, loff_t end)
 	spinlock_t *punch_lock;
 	unsigned long upper_limit;
 
+	truncate_inode_pages_range(inode->i_mapping, start, end);
+
 	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = CURRENT_TIME;
 	idx = (start + PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
 	if (idx >= info->next_index)
@@ -738,16 +740,8 @@ done2:
 		 * lowered next_index.  Also, though shmem_getpage checks
 		 * i_size before adding to cache, no recheck after: so fix the
 		 * narrow window there too.
-		 *
-		 * Recalling truncate_inode_pages_range and unmap_mapping_range
-		 * every time for punch_hole (which never got a chance to clear
-		 * SHMEM_PAGEIN at the start of vmtruncate_range) is expensive,
-		 * yet hardly ever necessary: try to optimize them out later.
 		 */
 		truncate_inode_pages_range(inode->i_mapping, start, end);
-		if (punch_hole)
-			unmap_mapping_range(inode->i_mapping, start,
-							end - start, 1);
 	}
 
 	spin_lock(&info->lock);
@@ -766,22 +760,23 @@ done2:
 		shmem_free_pages(pages_to_free.next);
 	}
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(shmem_truncate_range);
 
-static int shmem_notify_change(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *attr)
+static int shmem_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *attr)
 {
 	struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
-	loff_t newsize = attr->ia_size;
 	int error;
 
 	error = inode_change_ok(inode, attr);
 	if (error)
 		return error;
 
-	if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) && (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE)
-					&& newsize != inode->i_size) {
+	if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) && (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE)) {
+		loff_t oldsize = inode->i_size;
+		loff_t newsize = attr->ia_size;
 		struct page *page = NULL;
 
-		if (newsize < inode->i_size) {
+		if (newsize < oldsize) {
 			/*
 			 * If truncating down to a partial page, then
 			 * if that page is already allocated, hold it
@@ -810,12 +805,19 @@ static int shmem_notify_change(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *attr)
 				spin_unlock(&info->lock);
 			}
 		}
-
-		/* XXX(truncate): truncate_setsize should be called last */
-		truncate_setsize(inode, newsize);
+		if (newsize != oldsize) {
+			i_size_write(inode, newsize);
+			inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = CURRENT_TIME;
+		}
+		if (newsize < oldsize) {
+			loff_t holebegin = round_up(newsize, PAGE_SIZE);
+			unmap_mapping_range(inode->i_mapping, holebegin, 0, 1);
+			shmem_truncate_range(inode, newsize, (loff_t)-1);
+			/* unmap again to remove racily COWed private pages */
+			unmap_mapping_range(inode->i_mapping, holebegin, 0, 1);
+		}
 		if (page)
 			page_cache_release(page);
-		shmem_truncate_range(inode, newsize, (loff_t)-1);
 	}
 
 	setattr_copy(inode, attr);
@@ -832,7 +834,6 @@ static void shmem_evict_inode(struct inode *inode)
 	struct shmem_xattr *xattr, *nxattr;
 
 	if (inode->i_mapping->a_ops == &shmem_aops) {
-		truncate_inode_pages(inode->i_mapping, 0);
 		shmem_unacct_size(info->flags, inode->i_size);
 		inode->i_size = 0;
 		shmem_truncate_range(inode, 0, (loff_t)-1);
@@ -2706,7 +2707,7 @@ static const struct file_operations shmem_file_operations = {
 };
 
 static const struct inode_operations shmem_inode_operations = {
-	.setattr	= shmem_notify_change,
+	.setattr	= shmem_setattr,
 	.truncate_range	= shmem_truncate_range,
 #ifdef CONFIG_TMPFS_XATTR
 	.setxattr	= shmem_setxattr,
@@ -2739,7 +2740,7 @@ static const struct inode_operations shmem_dir_inode_operations = {
 	.removexattr	= shmem_removexattr,
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_TMPFS_POSIX_ACL
-	.setattr	= shmem_notify_change,
+	.setattr	= shmem_setattr,
 	.check_acl	= generic_check_acl,
 #endif
 };
@@ -2752,7 +2753,7 @@ static const struct inode_operations shmem_special_inode_operations = {
 	.removexattr	= shmem_removexattr,
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_TMPFS_POSIX_ACL
-	.setattr	= shmem_notify_change,
+	.setattr	= shmem_setattr,
 	.check_acl	= generic_check_acl,
 #endif
 };
@@ -2908,6 +2909,12 @@ int shmem_lock(struct file *file, int lock, struct user_struct *user)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+void shmem_truncate_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t start, loff_t end)
+{
+	truncate_inode_pages_range(inode->i_mapping, start, end);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(shmem_truncate_range);
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR
 /**
  * mem_cgroup_get_shmem_target - find a page or entry assigned to the shmem file
@@ -3028,3 +3035,26 @@ int shmem_zero_setup(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	vma->vm_flags |= VM_CAN_NONLINEAR;
 	return 0;
 }
+
+/**
+ * shmem_read_mapping_page_gfp - read into page cache, using specified page allocation flags.
+ * @mapping:	the page's address_space
+ * @index:	the page index
+ * @gfp:	the page allocator flags to use if allocating
+ *
+ * This behaves as a tmpfs "read_cache_page_gfp(mapping, index, gfp)",
+ * with any new page allocations done using the specified allocation flags.
+ * But read_cache_page_gfp() uses the ->readpage() method: which does not
+ * suit tmpfs, since it may have pages in swapcache, and needs to find those
+ * for itself; although drivers/gpu/drm i915 and ttm rely upon this support.
+ *
+ * Provide a stub for those callers to start using now, then later
+ * flesh it out to call shmem_getpage() with additional gfp mask, when
+ * shmem_file_splice_read() is added and shmem_readpage() is removed.
+ */
+struct page *shmem_read_mapping_page_gfp(struct address_space *mapping,
+					 pgoff_t index, gfp_t gfp)
+{
+	return read_cache_page_gfp(mapping, index, gfp);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(shmem_read_mapping_page_gfp);
diff --git a/mm/slab.c b/mm/slab.c
index bcfa498..d96e223 100644
--- a/mm/slab.c
+++ b/mm/slab.c
@@ -3604,13 +3604,14 @@ free_done:
  * Release an obj back to its cache. If the obj has a constructed state, it must
  * be in this state _before_ it is released.  Called with disabled ints.
  */
-static inline void __cache_free(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
+static inline void __cache_free(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp,
+    void *caller)
 {
 	struct array_cache *ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
 
 	check_irq_off();
 	kmemleak_free_recursive(objp, cachep->flags);
-	objp = cache_free_debugcheck(cachep, objp, __builtin_return_address(0));
+	objp = cache_free_debugcheck(cachep, objp, caller);
 
 	kmemcheck_slab_free(cachep, objp, obj_size(cachep));
 
@@ -3801,7 +3802,7 @@ void kmem_cache_free(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
 	debug_check_no_locks_freed(objp, obj_size(cachep));
 	if (!(cachep->flags & SLAB_DEBUG_OBJECTS))
 		debug_check_no_obj_freed(objp, obj_size(cachep));
-	__cache_free(cachep, objp);
+	__cache_free(cachep, objp, __builtin_return_address(0));
 	local_irq_restore(flags);
 
 	trace_kmem_cache_free(_RET_IP_, objp);
@@ -3831,7 +3832,7 @@ void kfree(const void *objp)
 	c = virt_to_cache(objp);
 	debug_check_no_locks_freed(objp, obj_size(c));
 	debug_check_no_obj_freed(objp, obj_size(c));
-	__cache_free(c, (void *)objp);
+	__cache_free(c, (void *)objp, __builtin_return_address(0));
 	local_irq_restore(flags);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree);
diff --git a/mm/slub.c b/mm/slub.c
index 7be0223..35f351f 100644
--- a/mm/slub.c
+++ b/mm/slub.c
@@ -2320,16 +2320,12 @@ static inline int alloc_kmem_cache_cpus(struct kmem_cache *s)
 	BUILD_BUG_ON(PERCPU_DYNAMIC_EARLY_SIZE <
 			SLUB_PAGE_SHIFT * sizeof(struct kmem_cache_cpu));
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_CMPXCHG_LOCAL
 	/*
-	 * Must align to double word boundary for the double cmpxchg instructions
-	 * to work.
+	 * Must align to double word boundary for the double cmpxchg
+	 * instructions to work; see __pcpu_double_call_return_bool().
 	 */
-	s->cpu_slab = __alloc_percpu(sizeof(struct kmem_cache_cpu), 2 * sizeof(void *));
-#else
-	/* Regular alignment is sufficient */
-	s->cpu_slab = alloc_percpu(struct kmem_cache_cpu);
-#endif
+	s->cpu_slab = __alloc_percpu(sizeof(struct kmem_cache_cpu),
+				     2 * sizeof(void *));
 
 	if (!s->cpu_slab)
 		return 0;
diff --git a/mm/swapfile.c b/mm/swapfile.c
index d537d29..ff8dc1a 100644
--- a/mm/swapfile.c
+++ b/mm/swapfile.c
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
 #include <linux/namei.h>
-#include <linux/shm.h>
+#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
 #include <linux/random.h>
 #include <linux/writeback.h>
diff --git a/mm/thrash.c b/mm/thrash.c
index 2372d4e..fabf2d0 100644
--- a/mm/thrash.c
+++ b/mm/thrash.c
@@ -21,14 +21,40 @@
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/swap.h>
+#include <linux/memcontrol.h>
+
+#include <trace/events/vmscan.h>
+
+#define TOKEN_AGING_INTERVAL	(0xFF)
 
 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(swap_token_lock);
 struct mm_struct *swap_token_mm;
+struct mem_cgroup *swap_token_memcg;
 static unsigned int global_faults;
+static unsigned int last_aging;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR
+static struct mem_cgroup *swap_token_memcg_from_mm(struct mm_struct *mm)
+{
+	struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
+
+	memcg = try_get_mem_cgroup_from_mm(mm);
+	if (memcg)
+		css_put(mem_cgroup_css(memcg));
+
+	return memcg;
+}
+#else
+static struct mem_cgroup *swap_token_memcg_from_mm(struct mm_struct *mm)
+{
+	return NULL;
+}
+#endif
 
 void grab_swap_token(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
 	int current_interval;
+	unsigned int old_prio = mm->token_priority;
 
 	global_faults++;
 
@@ -38,40 +64,81 @@ void grab_swap_token(struct mm_struct *mm)
 		return;
 
 	/* First come first served */
-	if (swap_token_mm == NULL) {
-		mm->token_priority = mm->token_priority + 2;
-		swap_token_mm = mm;
-		goto out;
+	if (!swap_token_mm)
+		goto replace_token;
+
+	if ((global_faults - last_aging) > TOKEN_AGING_INTERVAL) {
+		swap_token_mm->token_priority /= 2;
+		last_aging = global_faults;
 	}
 
-	if (mm != swap_token_mm) {
-		if (current_interval < mm->last_interval)
-			mm->token_priority++;
-		else {
-			if (likely(mm->token_priority > 0))
-				mm->token_priority--;
-		}
-		/* Check if we deserve the token */
-		if (mm->token_priority > swap_token_mm->token_priority) {
-			mm->token_priority += 2;
-			swap_token_mm = mm;
-		}
-	} else {
-		/* Token holder came in again! */
+	if (mm == swap_token_mm) {
 		mm->token_priority += 2;
+		goto update_priority;
+	}
+
+	if (current_interval < mm->last_interval)
+		mm->token_priority++;
+	else {
+		if (likely(mm->token_priority > 0))
+			mm->token_priority--;
 	}
 
+	/* Check if we deserve the token */
+	if (mm->token_priority > swap_token_mm->token_priority)
+		goto replace_token;
+
+update_priority:
+	trace_update_swap_token_priority(mm, old_prio, swap_token_mm);
+
 out:
 	mm->faultstamp = global_faults;
 	mm->last_interval = current_interval;
 	spin_unlock(&swap_token_lock);
+	return;
+
+replace_token:
+	mm->token_priority += 2;
+	trace_replace_swap_token(swap_token_mm, mm);
+	swap_token_mm = mm;
+	swap_token_memcg = swap_token_memcg_from_mm(mm);
+	last_aging = global_faults;
+	goto out;
 }
 
 /* Called on process exit. */
 void __put_swap_token(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
 	spin_lock(&swap_token_lock);
-	if (likely(mm == swap_token_mm))
+	if (likely(mm == swap_token_mm)) {
+		trace_put_swap_token(swap_token_mm);
 		swap_token_mm = NULL;
+		swap_token_memcg = NULL;
+	}
 	spin_unlock(&swap_token_lock);
 }
+
+static bool match_memcg(struct mem_cgroup *a, struct mem_cgroup *b)
+{
+	if (!a)
+		return true;
+	if (!b)
+		return true;
+	if (a == b)
+		return true;
+	return false;
+}
+
+void disable_swap_token(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
+{
+	/* memcg reclaim don't disable unrelated mm token. */
+	if (match_memcg(memcg, swap_token_memcg)) {
+		spin_lock(&swap_token_lock);
+		if (match_memcg(memcg, swap_token_memcg)) {
+			trace_disable_swap_token(swap_token_mm);
+			swap_token_mm = NULL;
+			swap_token_memcg = NULL;
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&swap_token_lock);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/mm/truncate.c b/mm/truncate.c
index 3a29a61..e13f22e 100644
--- a/mm/truncate.c
+++ b/mm/truncate.c
@@ -304,6 +304,11 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(truncate_inode_pages_range);
  * @lstart: offset from which to truncate
  *
  * Called under (and serialised by) inode->i_mutex.
+ *
+ * Note: When this function returns, there can be a page in the process of
+ * deletion (inside __delete_from_page_cache()) in the specified range.  Thus
+ * mapping->nrpages can be non-zero when this function returns even after
+ * truncation of the whole mapping.
  */
 void truncate_inode_pages(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t lstart)
 {
@@ -603,3 +608,27 @@ int vmtruncate(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset)
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vmtruncate);
+
+int vmtruncate_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t end)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the underlying filesystem is not going to provide
+	 * a way to truncate a range of blocks (punch a hole) -
+	 * we should return failure right now.
+	 */
+	if (!inode->i_op->truncate_range)
+		return -ENOSYS;
+
+	mutex_lock(&inode->i_mutex);
+	down_write(&inode->i_alloc_sem);
+	unmap_mapping_range(mapping, offset, (end - offset), 1);
+	inode->i_op->truncate_range(inode, offset, end);
+	/* unmap again to remove racily COWed private pages */
+	unmap_mapping_range(mapping, offset, (end - offset), 1);
+	up_write(&inode->i_alloc_sem);
+	mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
index faa0a08..5ed24b9 100644
--- a/mm/vmscan.c
+++ b/mm/vmscan.c
@@ -1124,8 +1124,20 @@ static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages(unsigned long nr_to_scan,
 					nr_lumpy_dirty++;
 				scan++;
 			} else {
-				/* the page is freed already. */
-				if (!page_count(cursor_page))
+				/*
+				 * Check if the page is freed already.
+				 *
+				 * We can't use page_count() as that
+				 * requires compound_head and we don't
+				 * have a pin on the page here. If a
+				 * page is tail, we may or may not
+				 * have isolated the head, so assume
+				 * it's not free, it'd be tricky to
+				 * track the head status without a
+				 * page pin.
+				 */
+				if (!PageTail(cursor_page) &&
+				    !atomic_read(&cursor_page->_count))
 					continue;
 				break;
 			}
@@ -1983,14 +1995,13 @@ restart:
  * If a zone is deemed to be full of pinned pages then just give it a light
  * scan then give up on it.
  */
-static unsigned long shrink_zones(int priority, struct zonelist *zonelist,
+static void shrink_zones(int priority, struct zonelist *zonelist,
 					struct scan_control *sc)
 {
 	struct zoneref *z;
 	struct zone *zone;
 	unsigned long nr_soft_reclaimed;
 	unsigned long nr_soft_scanned;
-	unsigned long total_scanned = 0;
 
 	for_each_zone_zonelist_nodemask(zone, z, zonelist,
 					gfp_zone(sc->gfp_mask), sc->nodemask) {
@@ -2005,19 +2016,23 @@ static unsigned long shrink_zones(int priority, struct zonelist *zonelist,
 				continue;
 			if (zone->all_unreclaimable && priority != DEF_PRIORITY)
 				continue;	/* Let kswapd poll it */
+			/*
+			 * This steals pages from memory cgroups over softlimit
+			 * and returns the number of reclaimed pages and
+			 * scanned pages. This works for global memory pressure
+			 * and balancing, not for a memcg's limit.
+			 */
+			nr_soft_scanned = 0;
+			nr_soft_reclaimed = mem_cgroup_soft_limit_reclaim(zone,
+						sc->order, sc->gfp_mask,
+						&nr_soft_scanned);
+			sc->nr_reclaimed += nr_soft_reclaimed;
+			sc->nr_scanned += nr_soft_scanned;
+			/* need some check for avoid more shrink_zone() */
 		}
 
-		nr_soft_scanned = 0;
-		nr_soft_reclaimed = mem_cgroup_soft_limit_reclaim(zone,
-							sc->order, sc->gfp_mask,
-							&nr_soft_scanned);
-		sc->nr_reclaimed += nr_soft_reclaimed;
-		total_scanned += nr_soft_scanned;
-
 		shrink_zone(priority, zone, sc);
 	}
-
-	return total_scanned;
 }
 
 static bool zone_reclaimable(struct zone *zone)
@@ -2081,8 +2096,8 @@ static unsigned long do_try_to_free_pages(struct zonelist *zonelist,
 	for (priority = DEF_PRIORITY; priority >= 0; priority--) {
 		sc->nr_scanned = 0;
 		if (!priority)
-			disable_swap_token();
-		total_scanned += shrink_zones(priority, zonelist, sc);
+			disable_swap_token(sc->mem_cgroup);
+		shrink_zones(priority, zonelist, sc);
 		/*
 		 * Don't shrink slabs when reclaiming memory from
 		 * over limit cgroups
@@ -2311,7 +2326,7 @@ static bool sleeping_prematurely(pg_data_t *pgdat, int order, long remaining,
 		return true;
 
 	/* Check the watermark levels */
-	for (i = 0; i < pgdat->nr_zones; i++) {
+	for (i = 0; i <= classzone_idx; i++) {
 		struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + i;
 
 		if (!populated_zone(zone))
@@ -2329,7 +2344,7 @@ static bool sleeping_prematurely(pg_data_t *pgdat, int order, long remaining,
 		}
 
 		if (!zone_watermark_ok_safe(zone, order, high_wmark_pages(zone),
-							classzone_idx, 0))
+							i, 0))
 			all_zones_ok = false;
 		else
 			balanced += zone->present_pages;
@@ -2407,7 +2422,7 @@ loop_again:
 
 		/* The swap token gets in the way of swapout... */
 		if (!priority)
-			disable_swap_token();
+			disable_swap_token(NULL);
 
 		all_zones_ok = 1;
 		balanced = 0;
@@ -2436,7 +2451,6 @@ loop_again:
 			if (!zone_watermark_ok_safe(zone, order,
 					high_wmark_pages(zone), 0, 0)) {
 				end_zone = i;
-				*classzone_idx = i;
 				break;
 			}
 		}
@@ -2495,18 +2509,18 @@ loop_again:
 				KSWAPD_ZONE_BALANCE_GAP_RATIO);
 			if (!zone_watermark_ok_safe(zone, order,
 					high_wmark_pages(zone) + balance_gap,
-					end_zone, 0))
+					end_zone, 0)) {
 				shrink_zone(priority, zone, &sc);
-			reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab = 0;
-			nr_slab = shrink_slab(&shrink, sc.nr_scanned, lru_pages);
-			sc.nr_reclaimed += reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab;
-			total_scanned += sc.nr_scanned;
 
-			if (zone->all_unreclaimable)
-				continue;
-			if (nr_slab == 0 &&
-			    !zone_reclaimable(zone))
-				zone->all_unreclaimable = 1;
+				reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab = 0;
+				nr_slab = shrink_slab(&shrink, sc.nr_scanned, lru_pages);
+				sc.nr_reclaimed += reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab;
+				total_scanned += sc.nr_scanned;
+
+				if (nr_slab == 0 && !zone_reclaimable(zone))
+					zone->all_unreclaimable = 1;
+			}
+
 			/*
 			 * If we've done a decent amount of scanning and
 			 * the reclaim ratio is low, start doing writepage
@@ -2516,6 +2530,12 @@ loop_again:
 			    total_scanned > sc.nr_reclaimed + sc.nr_reclaimed / 2)
 				sc.may_writepage = 1;
 
+			if (zone->all_unreclaimable) {
+				if (end_zone && end_zone == i)
+					end_zone--;
+				continue;
+			}
+
 			if (!zone_watermark_ok_safe(zone, order,
 					high_wmark_pages(zone), end_zone, 0)) {
 				all_zones_ok = 0;
@@ -2694,8 +2714,8 @@ static void kswapd_try_to_sleep(pg_data_t *pgdat, int order, int classzone_idx)
  */
 static int kswapd(void *p)
 {
-	unsigned long order;
-	int classzone_idx;
+	unsigned long order, new_order;
+	int classzone_idx, new_classzone_idx;
 	pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t*)p;
 	struct task_struct *tsk = current;
 
@@ -2725,17 +2745,23 @@ static int kswapd(void *p)
 	tsk->flags |= PF_MEMALLOC | PF_SWAPWRITE | PF_KSWAPD;
 	set_freezable();
 
-	order = 0;
-	classzone_idx = MAX_NR_ZONES - 1;
+	order = new_order = 0;
+	classzone_idx = new_classzone_idx = pgdat->nr_zones - 1;
 	for ( ; ; ) {
-		unsigned long new_order;
-		int new_classzone_idx;
 		int ret;
 
-		new_order = pgdat->kswapd_max_order;
-		new_classzone_idx = pgdat->classzone_idx;
-		pgdat->kswapd_max_order = 0;
-		pgdat->classzone_idx = MAX_NR_ZONES - 1;
+		/*
+		 * If the last balance_pgdat was unsuccessful it's unlikely a
+		 * new request of a similar or harder type will succeed soon
+		 * so consider going to sleep on the basis we reclaimed at
+		 */
+		if (classzone_idx >= new_classzone_idx && order == new_order) {
+			new_order = pgdat->kswapd_max_order;
+			new_classzone_idx = pgdat->classzone_idx;
+			pgdat->kswapd_max_order =  0;
+			pgdat->classzone_idx = pgdat->nr_zones - 1;
+		}
+
 		if (order < new_order || classzone_idx > new_classzone_idx) {
 			/*
 			 * Don't sleep if someone wants a larger 'order'
@@ -2748,7 +2774,7 @@ static int kswapd(void *p)
 			order = pgdat->kswapd_max_order;
 			classzone_idx = pgdat->classzone_idx;
 			pgdat->kswapd_max_order = 0;
-			pgdat->classzone_idx = MAX_NR_ZONES - 1;
+			pgdat->classzone_idx = pgdat->nr_zones - 1;
 		}
 
 		ret = try_to_freeze();