diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'arch/powerpc')
-rw-r--r-- | arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_book3s.h | 4 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_book3s_asm.h | 1 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_host.h | 8 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | arch/powerpc/kernel/asm-offsets.c | 7 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_32_sr.S | 2 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_slb.S | 2 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_exports.c | 4 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_interrupts.S | 129 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_pr.c | 12 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_rmhandlers.S | 51 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_segment.S | 112 |
11 files changed, 120 insertions, 212 deletions
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_book3s.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_book3s.h index 91d41fa..a384ffd 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_book3s.h +++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_book3s.h @@ -141,9 +141,7 @@ extern void kvmppc_giveup_ext(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, ulong msr); extern int kvmppc_emulate_paired_single(struct kvm_run *run, struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu); extern pfn_t kvmppc_gfn_to_pfn(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gfn_t gfn); -extern void kvmppc_handler_lowmem_trampoline(void); -extern void kvmppc_handler_trampoline_enter(void); -extern void kvmppc_rmcall(ulong srr0, ulong srr1); +extern void kvmppc_entry_trampoline(void); extern void kvmppc_hv_entry_trampoline(void); extern void kvmppc_load_up_fpu(void); extern void kvmppc_load_up_altivec(void); diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_book3s_asm.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_book3s_asm.h index ef7b368..af73469 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_book3s_asm.h +++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_book3s_asm.h @@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ struct kvmppc_host_state { ulong scratch0; ulong scratch1; u8 in_guest; + u8 restore_hid5; #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_BOOK3S_64_HV struct kvm_vcpu *kvm_vcpu; diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_host.h index 2b8284f..dec3054 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_host.h +++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/kvm_host.h @@ -258,14 +258,6 @@ struct kvm_vcpu_arch { ulong host_stack; u32 host_pid; #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S - ulong host_msr; - ulong host_r2; - void *host_retip; - ulong trampoline_lowmem; - ulong trampoline_enter; - ulong highmem_handler; - ulong rmcall; - ulong host_paca_phys; struct kvmppc_slb slb[64]; int slb_max; /* 1 + index of last valid entry in slb[] */ int slb_nr; /* total number of entries in SLB */ diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/asm-offsets.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/asm-offsets.c index 5f078bc..e069c76 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/asm-offsets.c +++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/asm-offsets.c @@ -449,8 +449,6 @@ int main(void) #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S DEFINE(VCPU_KVM, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, kvm)); DEFINE(VCPU_VCPUID, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, vcpu_id)); - DEFINE(VCPU_HOST_RETIP, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.host_retip)); - DEFINE(VCPU_HOST_MSR, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.host_msr)); DEFINE(VCPU_PURR, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.purr)); DEFINE(VCPU_SPURR, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.spurr)); DEFINE(VCPU_DSCR, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.dscr)); @@ -458,10 +456,6 @@ int main(void) DEFINE(VCPU_UAMOR, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.uamor)); DEFINE(VCPU_CTRL, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.ctrl)); DEFINE(VCPU_DABR, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.dabr)); - DEFINE(VCPU_TRAMPOLINE_LOWMEM, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.trampoline_lowmem)); - DEFINE(VCPU_TRAMPOLINE_ENTER, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.trampoline_enter)); - DEFINE(VCPU_HIGHMEM_HANDLER, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.highmem_handler)); - DEFINE(VCPU_RMCALL, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.rmcall)); DEFINE(VCPU_HFLAGS, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.hflags)); DEFINE(VCPU_DEC, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.dec)); DEFINE(VCPU_DEC_EXPIRES, offsetof(struct kvm_vcpu, arch.dec_expires)); @@ -537,6 +531,7 @@ int main(void) HSTATE_FIELD(HSTATE_SCRATCH0, scratch0); HSTATE_FIELD(HSTATE_SCRATCH1, scratch1); HSTATE_FIELD(HSTATE_IN_GUEST, in_guest); + HSTATE_FIELD(HSTATE_RESTORE_HID5, restore_hid5); #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_BOOK3S_64_HV HSTATE_FIELD(HSTATE_KVM_VCPU, kvm_vcpu); diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_32_sr.S b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_32_sr.S index 3608471..7e06a6f 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_32_sr.S +++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_32_sr.S @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ * R1 = host R1 * R2 = host R2 * R3 = shadow vcpu - * all other volatile GPRS = free + * all other volatile GPRS = free except R4, R6 * SVCPU[CR] = guest CR * SVCPU[XER] = guest XER * SVCPU[CTR] = guest CTR diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_slb.S b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_slb.S index 04e7d3b..f2e6e48 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_slb.S +++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_slb.S @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ slb_exit_skip_ ## num: * R1 = host R1 * R2 = host R2 * R3 = shadow vcpu - * all other volatile GPRS = free + * all other volatile GPRS = free except R4, R6 * SVCPU[CR] = guest CR * SVCPU[XER] = guest XER * SVCPU[CTR] = guest CTR diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_exports.c b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_exports.c index 88c8f26..f7f63a0 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_exports.c +++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_exports.c @@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_BOOK3S_64_HV EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvmppc_hv_entry_trampoline); #else -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvmppc_handler_trampoline_enter); -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvmppc_handler_lowmem_trampoline); -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvmppc_rmcall); +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvmppc_entry_trampoline); EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvmppc_load_up_fpu); #ifdef CONFIG_ALTIVEC EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvmppc_load_up_altivec); diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_interrupts.S b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_interrupts.S index c54b0e3..0a8515a 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_interrupts.S +++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_interrupts.S @@ -29,27 +29,11 @@ #define ULONG_SIZE 8 #define FUNC(name) GLUE(.,name) -#define GET_SHADOW_VCPU_R13 - -#define DISABLE_INTERRUPTS \ - mfmsr r0; \ - rldicl r0,r0,48,1; \ - rotldi r0,r0,16; \ - mtmsrd r0,1; \ - #elif defined(CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_32) #define ULONG_SIZE 4 #define FUNC(name) name -#define GET_SHADOW_VCPU_R13 \ - lwz r13, (THREAD + THREAD_KVM_SVCPU)(r2) - -#define DISABLE_INTERRUPTS \ - mfmsr r0; \ - rlwinm r0,r0,0,17,15; \ - mtmsr r0; \ - #endif /* CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_XX */ @@ -108,44 +92,17 @@ kvm_start_entry: kvm_start_lightweight: - GET_SHADOW_VCPU_R13 - PPC_LL r3, VCPU_HIGHMEM_HANDLER(r4) - PPC_STL r3, HSTATE_VMHANDLER(r13) - - PPC_LL r10, VCPU_SHADOW_MSR(r4) /* r10 = vcpu->arch.shadow_msr */ - - DISABLE_INTERRUPTS - #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64 - /* Some guests may need to have dcbz set to 32 byte length. - * - * Usually we ensure that by patching the guest's instructions - * to trap on dcbz and emulate it in the hypervisor. - * - * If we can, we should tell the CPU to use 32 byte dcbz though, - * because that's a lot faster. - */ - PPC_LL r3, VCPU_HFLAGS(r4) - rldicl. r3, r3, 0, 63 /* CR = ((r3 & 1) == 0) */ - beq no_dcbz32_on - - mfspr r3,SPRN_HID5 - ori r3, r3, 0x80 /* XXX HID5_dcbz32 = 0x80 */ - mtspr SPRN_HID5,r3 - -no_dcbz32_on: - + rldicl r3, r3, 0, 63 /* r3 &= 1 */ + stb r3, HSTATE_RESTORE_HID5(r13) #endif /* CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64 */ - PPC_LL r6, VCPU_RMCALL(r4) - mtctr r6 - - PPC_LL r3, VCPU_TRAMPOLINE_ENTER(r4) - LOAD_REG_IMMEDIATE(r4, MSR_KERNEL & ~(MSR_IR | MSR_DR)) + PPC_LL r4, VCPU_SHADOW_MSR(r4) /* get shadow_msr */ /* Jump to segment patching handler and into our guest */ - bctr + bl FUNC(kvmppc_entry_trampoline) + nop /* * This is the handler in module memory. It gets jumped at from the @@ -170,21 +127,6 @@ kvmppc_handler_highmem: /* R7 = vcpu */ PPC_LL r7, GPR4(r1) -#ifdef CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64 - - PPC_LL r5, VCPU_HFLAGS(r7) - rldicl. r5, r5, 0, 63 /* CR = ((r5 & 1) == 0) */ - beq no_dcbz32_off - - li r4, 0 - mfspr r5,SPRN_HID5 - rldimi r5,r4,6,56 - mtspr SPRN_HID5,r5 - -no_dcbz32_off: - -#endif /* CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64 */ - PPC_STL r14, VCPU_GPR(r14)(r7) PPC_STL r15, VCPU_GPR(r15)(r7) PPC_STL r16, VCPU_GPR(r16)(r7) @@ -204,67 +146,6 @@ no_dcbz32_off: PPC_STL r30, VCPU_GPR(r30)(r7) PPC_STL r31, VCPU_GPR(r31)(r7) - /* Restore host msr -> SRR1 */ - PPC_LL r6, VCPU_HOST_MSR(r7) - - /* - * For some interrupts, we need to call the real Linux - * handler, so it can do work for us. This has to happen - * as if the interrupt arrived from the kernel though, - * so let's fake it here where most state is restored. - * - * Call Linux for hardware interrupts/decrementer - * r3 = address of interrupt handler (exit reason) - */ - - cmpwi r12, BOOK3S_INTERRUPT_EXTERNAL - beq call_linux_handler - cmpwi r12, BOOK3S_INTERRUPT_DECREMENTER - beq call_linux_handler - cmpwi r12, BOOK3S_INTERRUPT_PERFMON - beq call_linux_handler - - /* Back to EE=1 */ - mtmsr r6 - sync - b kvm_return_point - -call_linux_handler: - - /* - * If we land here we need to jump back to the handler we - * came from. - * - * We have a page that we can access from real mode, so let's - * jump back to that and use it as a trampoline to get back into the - * interrupt handler! - * - * R3 still contains the exit code, - * R5 VCPU_HOST_RETIP and - * R6 VCPU_HOST_MSR - */ - - /* Restore host IP -> SRR0 */ - PPC_LL r5, VCPU_HOST_RETIP(r7) - - /* XXX Better move to a safe function? - * What if we get an HTAB flush in between mtsrr0 and mtsrr1? */ - - mtlr r12 - - PPC_LL r4, VCPU_TRAMPOLINE_LOWMEM(r7) - mtsrr0 r4 - LOAD_REG_IMMEDIATE(r3, MSR_KERNEL & ~(MSR_IR | MSR_DR)) - mtsrr1 r3 - - RFI - -.global kvm_return_point -kvm_return_point: - - /* Jump back to lightweight entry if we're supposed to */ - /* go back into the guest */ - /* Pass the exit number as 3rd argument to kvmppc_handle_exit */ mr r5, r12 diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_pr.c b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_pr.c index 6e3488b..d417511 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_pr.c +++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_pr.c @@ -875,8 +875,6 @@ struct kvm_vcpu *kvmppc_core_vcpu_create(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned int id) if (!p) goto uninit_vcpu; - vcpu->arch.host_retip = kvm_return_point; - vcpu->arch.host_msr = mfmsr(); #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64 /* default to book3s_64 (970fx) */ vcpu->arch.pvr = 0x3C0301; @@ -887,16 +885,6 @@ struct kvm_vcpu *kvmppc_core_vcpu_create(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned int id) kvmppc_set_pvr(vcpu, vcpu->arch.pvr); vcpu->arch.slb_nr = 64; - /* remember where some real-mode handlers are */ - vcpu->arch.trampoline_lowmem = __pa(kvmppc_handler_lowmem_trampoline); - vcpu->arch.trampoline_enter = __pa(kvmppc_handler_trampoline_enter); - vcpu->arch.highmem_handler = (ulong)kvmppc_handler_highmem; -#ifdef CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64 - vcpu->arch.rmcall = *(ulong*)kvmppc_rmcall; -#else - vcpu->arch.rmcall = (ulong)kvmppc_rmcall; -#endif - vcpu->arch.shadow_msr = MSR_USER64; err = kvmppc_mmu_init(vcpu); diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_rmhandlers.S b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_rmhandlers.S index 5ee66ed..3418758 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_rmhandlers.S +++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_rmhandlers.S @@ -36,9 +36,8 @@ #if defined(CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64) -#define LOAD_SHADOW_VCPU(reg) GET_PACA(reg) -#define MSR_NOIRQ MSR_KERNEL & ~(MSR_IR | MSR_DR) #define FUNC(name) GLUE(.,name) +#define MTMSR_EERI(reg) mtmsrd (reg),1 .globl kvmppc_skip_interrupt kvmppc_skip_interrupt: @@ -68,8 +67,8 @@ kvmppc_skip_Hinterrupt: #elif defined(CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_32) -#define MSR_NOIRQ MSR_KERNEL #define FUNC(name) name +#define MTMSR_EERI(reg) mtmsr (reg) .macro INTERRUPT_TRAMPOLINE intno @@ -170,40 +169,24 @@ kvmppc_handler_skip_ins: #endif /* - * This trampoline brings us back to a real mode handler - * - * Input Registers: - * - * R5 = SRR0 - * R6 = SRR1 - * LR = real-mode IP + * Call kvmppc_handler_trampoline_enter in real mode * + * On entry, r4 contains the guest shadow MSR */ -.global kvmppc_handler_lowmem_trampoline -kvmppc_handler_lowmem_trampoline: - - mtsrr0 r5 +_GLOBAL(kvmppc_entry_trampoline) + mfmsr r5 + LOAD_REG_ADDR(r7, kvmppc_handler_trampoline_enter) + toreal(r7) + + li r9, MSR_RI + ori r9, r9, MSR_EE + andc r9, r5, r9 /* Clear EE and RI in MSR value */ + li r6, MSR_IR | MSR_DR + ori r6, r6, MSR_EE + andc r6, r5, r6 /* Clear EE, DR and IR in MSR value */ + MTMSR_EERI(r9) /* Clear EE and RI in MSR */ + mtsrr0 r7 /* before we set srr0/1 */ mtsrr1 r6 - blr -kvmppc_handler_lowmem_trampoline_end: - -/* - * Call a function in real mode - * - * Input Registers: - * - * R3 = function - * R4 = MSR - * R5 = scratch register - * - */ -_GLOBAL(kvmppc_rmcall) - LOAD_REG_IMMEDIATE(r5, MSR_NOIRQ) - mtmsr r5 /* Disable relocation and interrupts, so mtsrr - doesn't get interrupted */ - sync - mtsrr0 r3 - mtsrr1 r4 RFI #if defined(CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_32) diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_segment.S b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_segment.S index 678b6be..0676ae2 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_segment.S +++ b/arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_segment.S @@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ #define GET_SHADOW_VCPU(reg) \ mr reg, r13 +#define MTMSR_EERI(reg) mtmsrd (reg),1 #elif defined(CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_32) @@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ tophys(reg, r2); \ lwz reg, (THREAD + THREAD_KVM_SVCPU)(reg); \ tophys(reg, reg) +#define MTMSR_EERI(reg) mtmsr (reg) #endif @@ -57,10 +59,12 @@ kvmppc_handler_trampoline_enter: /* Required state: * * MSR = ~IR|DR - * R13 = PACA * R1 = host R1 * R2 = host R2 - * R10 = guest MSR + * R4 = guest shadow MSR + * R5 = normal host MSR + * R6 = current host MSR (EE, IR, DR off) + * LR = highmem guest exit code * all other volatile GPRS = free * SVCPU[CR] = guest CR * SVCPU[XER] = guest XER @@ -71,15 +75,15 @@ kvmppc_handler_trampoline_enter: /* r3 = shadow vcpu */ GET_SHADOW_VCPU(r3) + /* Save guest exit handler address and MSR */ + mflr r0 + PPC_STL r0, HSTATE_VMHANDLER(r3) + PPC_STL r5, HSTATE_HOST_MSR(r3) + /* Save R1/R2 in the PACA (64-bit) or shadow_vcpu (32-bit) */ PPC_STL r1, HSTATE_HOST_R1(r3) PPC_STL r2, HSTATE_HOST_R2(r3) - /* Move SRR0 and SRR1 into the respective regs */ - PPC_LL r9, SVCPU_PC(r3) - mtsrr0 r9 - mtsrr1 r10 - /* Activate guest mode, so faults get handled by KVM */ li r11, KVM_GUEST_MODE_GUEST stb r11, HSTATE_IN_GUEST(r3) @@ -87,17 +91,46 @@ kvmppc_handler_trampoline_enter: /* Switch to guest segment. This is subarch specific. */ LOAD_GUEST_SEGMENTS +#ifdef CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64 + /* Some guests may need to have dcbz set to 32 byte length. + * + * Usually we ensure that by patching the guest's instructions + * to trap on dcbz and emulate it in the hypervisor. + * + * If we can, we should tell the CPU to use 32 byte dcbz though, + * because that's a lot faster. + */ + lbz r0, HSTATE_RESTORE_HID5(r3) + cmpwi r0, 0 + beq no_dcbz32_on + + mfspr r0,SPRN_HID5 + ori r0, r0, 0x80 /* XXX HID5_dcbz32 = 0x80 */ + mtspr SPRN_HID5,r0 +no_dcbz32_on: + +#endif /* CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64 */ + /* Enter guest */ - PPC_LL r4, SVCPU_CTR(r3) - PPC_LL r5, SVCPU_LR(r3) - lwz r6, SVCPU_CR(r3) - lwz r7, SVCPU_XER(r3) + PPC_LL r8, SVCPU_CTR(r3) + PPC_LL r9, SVCPU_LR(r3) + lwz r10, SVCPU_CR(r3) + lwz r11, SVCPU_XER(r3) + + mtctr r8 + mtlr r9 + mtcr r10 + mtxer r11 - mtctr r4 - mtlr r5 - mtcr r6 - mtxer r7 + /* Move SRR0 and SRR1 into the respective regs */ + PPC_LL r9, SVCPU_PC(r3) + /* First clear RI in our current MSR value */ + li r0, MSR_RI + andc r6, r6, r0 + MTMSR_EERI(r6) + mtsrr0 r9 + mtsrr1 r4 PPC_LL r0, SVCPU_R0(r3) PPC_LL r1, SVCPU_R1(r3) @@ -259,6 +292,43 @@ no_ld_last_inst: /* Switch back to host MMU */ LOAD_HOST_SEGMENTS +#ifdef CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64 + + lbz r5, HSTATE_RESTORE_HID5(r13) + cmpwi r5, 0 + beq no_dcbz32_off + + li r4, 0 + mfspr r5,SPRN_HID5 + rldimi r5,r4,6,56 + mtspr SPRN_HID5,r5 + +no_dcbz32_off: + +#endif /* CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64 */ + + /* + * For some interrupts, we need to call the real Linux + * handler, so it can do work for us. This has to happen + * as if the interrupt arrived from the kernel though, + * so let's fake it here where most state is restored. + * + * Having set up SRR0/1 with the address where we want + * to continue with relocation on (potentially in module + * space), we either just go straight there with rfi[d], + * or we jump to an interrupt handler with bctr if there + * is an interrupt to be handled first. In the latter + * case, the rfi[d] at the end of the interrupt handler + * will get us back to where we want to continue. + */ + + cmpwi r12, BOOK3S_INTERRUPT_EXTERNAL + beq 1f + cmpwi r12, BOOK3S_INTERRUPT_DECREMENTER + beq 1f + cmpwi r12, BOOK3S_INTERRUPT_PERFMON +1: mtctr r12 + /* Register usage at this point: * * R1 = host R1 @@ -269,13 +339,15 @@ no_ld_last_inst: * */ - /* RFI into the highmem handler */ - mfmsr r7 - ori r7, r7, MSR_IR|MSR_DR|MSR_RI|MSR_ME /* Enable paging */ - mtsrr1 r7 - /* Load highmem handler address */ + PPC_LL r6, HSTATE_HOST_MSR(r13) PPC_LL r8, HSTATE_VMHANDLER(r13) + + /* Restore host msr -> SRR1 */ + mtsrr1 r6 + /* Load highmem handler address */ mtsrr0 r8 + /* RFI into the highmem handler, or jump to interrupt handler */ + beqctr RFI kvmppc_handler_trampoline_exit_end: |