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The perf code has grown a lot since it started, and is big enough to
warrant its own subdirectory. For reference it's ~60% bigger than the
oprofile code. It declutters the kernel directory, makes it simpler to
grep for "just perf stuff", and allows us to shorten some filenames.
While we're at it, make it more obvious that we have two implementations
of the core perf logic. One for (roughly) Book3S CPUs, which was the
original implementation, and the other for Freescale embedded CPUs.
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
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Panic observed on an older kernel when collecting call chains for
the context-switch software event:
[<b0180e00>]rb_erase+0x1b4/0x3e8
[<b00430f4>]__dequeue_entity+0x50/0xe8
[<b0043304>]set_next_entity+0x178/0x1bc
[<b0043440>]pick_next_task_fair+0xb0/0x118
[<b02ada80>]schedule+0x500/0x614
[<b02afaa8>]rwsem_down_failed_common+0xf0/0x264
[<b02afca0>]rwsem_down_read_failed+0x34/0x54
[<b02aed4c>]down_read+0x3c/0x54
[<b0023b58>]do_page_fault+0x114/0x5e8
[<b001e350>]handle_page_fault+0xc/0x80
[<b0022dec>]perf_callchain+0x224/0x31c
[<b009ba70>]perf_prepare_sample+0x240/0x2fc
[<b009d760>]__perf_event_overflow+0x280/0x398
[<b009d914>]perf_swevent_overflow+0x9c/0x10c
[<b009db54>]perf_swevent_ctx_event+0x1d0/0x230
[<b009dc38>]do_perf_sw_event+0x84/0xe4
[<b009dde8>]perf_sw_event_context_switch+0x150/0x1b4
[<b009de90>]perf_event_task_sched_out+0x44/0x2d4
[<b02ad840>]schedule+0x2c0/0x614
[<b0047dc0>]__cond_resched+0x34/0x90
[<b02adcc8>]_cond_resched+0x4c/0x68
[<b00bccf8>]move_page_tables+0xb0/0x418
[<b00d7ee0>]setup_arg_pages+0x184/0x2a0
[<b0110914>]load_elf_binary+0x394/0x1208
[<b00d6e28>]search_binary_handler+0xe0/0x2c4
[<b00d834c>]do_execve+0x1bc/0x268
[<b0015394>]sys_execve+0x84/0xc8
[<b001df10>]ret_from_syscall+0x0/0x3c
A page fault occurred walking the callchain while creating a perf
sample for the context-switch event. To handle the page fault the
mmap_sem is needed, but it is currently held by setup_arg_pages.
(setup_arg_pages calls shift_arg_pages with the mmap_sem held.
shift_arg_pages then calls move_page_tables which has a cond_resched
at the top of its for loop - hitting that cond_resched is what caused
the context switch.)
This is an extension of Anton's proposed patch:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/7/24/151
adding case for 32-bit ppc.
Tested on the system that first generated the panic and then again
with latest kernel using a PPC VM. I am not able to test the 64-bit
path - I do not have H/W for it and 64-bit PPC VMs (qemu on Intel)
is horribly slow.
Signed-off-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
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Store the kernel and user contexts from the generic layer instead
of archs, this gathers some repetitive code.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Tested-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@amd64.org>
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- Most archs use one callchain buffer per cpu, except x86 that needs
to deal with NMIs. Provide a default perf_callchain_buffer()
implementation that x86 overrides.
- Centralize all the kernel/user regs handling and invoke new arch
handlers from there: perf_callchain_user() / perf_callchain_kernel()
That avoid all the user_mode(), current->mm checks and so...
- Invert some parameters in perf_callchain_*() helpers: entry to the
left, regs to the right, following the traditional (dst, src).
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Tested-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@amd64.org>
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callchain_store() is the same on every archs, inline it in
perf_event.h and rename it to perf_callchain_store() to avoid
any collision.
This removes repetitive code.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Tested-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@amd64.org>
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When running perf across all cpus with backtracing (-a -g), sometimes we
get samples without associated backtraces:
23.44% init [kernel] [k] restore
11.46% init eeba0c [k] 0x00000000eeba0c
6.77% swapper [kernel] [k] .perf_ctx_adjust_freq
5.73% init [kernel] [k] .__trace_hcall_entry
4.69% perf libc-2.9.so [.] 0x0000000006bb8c
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|--11.11%-- 0xfffa941bbbc
It turns out the backtrace code has a check for the idle task and the IP
sampling does not. This creates problems when profiling an interrupt
heavy workload (in my case 10Gbit ethernet) since we get no backtraces
for interrupts received while idle (ie most of the workload).
Right now x86 and sh check that current is not NULL, which should never
happen so remove that too.
Idle task's exclusion must be performed from the core code, on top
of perf_event_attr:exclude_idle.
Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
LKML-Reference: <20100118054707.GT12666@kryten>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu: (34 commits)
m68k: rename global variable vmalloc_end to m68k_vmalloc_end
percpu: add missing per_cpu_ptr_to_phys() definition for UP
percpu: Fix kdump failure if booted with percpu_alloc=page
percpu: make misc percpu symbols unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in ia64 unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in powerpc unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in x86 unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in xen unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in cpufreq unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in oprofile unique
percpu: make percpu symbols in tracer unique
percpu: make percpu symbols under kernel/ and mm/ unique
percpu: remove some sparse warnings
percpu: make alloc_percpu() handle array types
vmalloc: fix use of non-existent percpu variable in put_cpu_var()
this_cpu: Use this_cpu_xx in trace_functions_graph.c
this_cpu: Use this_cpu_xx for ftrace
this_cpu: Use this_cpu_xx in nmi handling
this_cpu: Use this_cpu operations in RCU
this_cpu: Use this_cpu ops for VM statistics
...
Fix up trivial (famous last words) global per-cpu naming conflicts in
arch/x86/kvm/svm.c
mm/slab.c
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Currently each available hugepage size uses a slightly different
pagetable layout: that is, the bottem level table of pointers to
hugepages is a different size, and may branch off from the normal page
tables at a different level. Every hugepage aware path that needs to
walk the pagetables must therefore look up the hugepage size from the
slice info first, and work out the correct way to walk the pagetables
accordingly. Future hardware is likely to add more possible hugepage
sizes, more layout options and more mess.
This patch, therefore reworks the handling of hugepage pagetables to
reduce this complexity. In the new scheme, instead of having to
consult the slice mask, pagetable walking code can check a flag in the
PGD/PUD/PMD entries to see where to branch off to hugepage pagetables,
and the entry also contains the information (eseentially hugepage
shift) necessary to then interpret that table without recourse to the
slice mask. This scheme can be extended neatly to handle multiple
levels of self-describing "special" hugepage pagetables, although for
now we assume only one level exists.
This approach means that only the pagetable allocation path needs to
know how the pagetables should be set out. All other (hugepage)
pagetable walking paths can just interpret the structure as they go.
There already was a flag bit in PGD/PUD/PMD entries for hugepage
directory pointers, but it was only used for debug. We alter that
flag bit to instead be a 0 in the MSB to indicate a hugepage pagetable
pointer (normally it would be 1 since the pointer lies in the linear
mapping). This means that asm pagetable walking can test for (and
punt on) hugepage pointers with the same test that checks for
unpopulated page directory entries (beq becomes bge), since hugepage
pointers will always be positive, and normal pointers always negative.
While we're at it, we get rid of the confusing (and grep defeating)
#defining of hugepte_shift to be the same thing as mmu_huge_psizes.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <dwg@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
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This patch updates percpu related symbols in powerpc such that percpu
symbols are unique and don't clash with local symbols. This serves
two purposes of decreasing the possibility of global percpu symbol
collision and allowing dropping per_cpu__ prefix from percpu symbols.
* arch/powerpc/kernel/perf_callchain.c: s/callchain/cpu_perf_callchain/
* arch/powerpc/kernel/setup-common.c: s/pvr/cpu_pvr/
* arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/dtl.c: s/dtl/cpu_dtl/
* arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/interrupt.c: s/iic/cpu_iic/
Partly based on Rusty Russell's "alloc_percpu: rename percpu vars
which cause name clashes" patch.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@ozlabs.org
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Bye-bye Performance Counters, welcome Performance Events!
In the past few months the perfcounters subsystem has grown out its
initial role of counting hardware events, and has become (and is
becoming) a much broader generic event enumeration, reporting, logging,
monitoring, analysis facility.
Naming its core object 'perf_counter' and naming the subsystem
'perfcounters' has become more and more of a misnomer. With pending
code like hw-breakpoints support the 'counter' name is less and
less appropriate.
All in one, we've decided to rename the subsystem to 'performance
events' and to propagate this rename through all fields, variables
and API names. (in an ABI compatible fashion)
The word 'event' is also a bit shorter than 'counter' - which makes
it slightly more convenient to write/handle as well.
Thanks goes to Stephane Eranian who first observed this misnomer and
suggested a rename.
User-space tooling and ABI compatibility is not affected - this patch
should be function-invariant. (Also, defconfigs were not touched to
keep the size down.)
This patch has been generated via the following script:
FILES=$(find * -type f | grep -vE 'oprofile|[^K]config')
sed -i \
-e 's/PERF_EVENT_/PERF_RECORD_/g' \
-e 's/PERF_COUNTER/PERF_EVENT/g' \
-e 's/perf_counter/perf_event/g' \
-e 's/nb_counters/nb_events/g' \
-e 's/swcounter/swevent/g' \
-e 's/tpcounter_event/tp_event/g' \
$FILES
for N in $(find . -name perf_counter.[ch]); do
M=$(echo $N | sed 's/perf_counter/perf_event/g')
mv $N $M
done
FILES=$(find . -name perf_event.*)
sed -i \
-e 's/COUNTER_MASK/REG_MASK/g' \
-e 's/COUNTER/EVENT/g' \
-e 's/\<event\>/event_id/g' \
-e 's/counter/event/g' \
-e 's/Counter/Event/g' \
$FILES
... to keep it as correct as possible. This script can also be
used by anyone who has pending perfcounters patches - it converts
a Linux kernel tree over to the new naming. We tried to time this
change to the point in time where the amount of pending patches
is the smallest: the end of the merge window.
Namespace clashes were fixed up in a preparatory patch - and some
stylistic fallout will be fixed up in a subsequent patch.
( NOTE: 'counters' are still the proper terminology when we deal
with hardware registers - and these sed scripts are a bit
over-eager in renaming them. I've undone some of that, but
in case there's something left where 'counter' would be
better than 'event' we can undo that on an individual basis
instead of touching an otherwise nicely automated patch. )
Suggested-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Reviewed-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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This adds support for tracing callchains for powerpc, both 32-bit
and 64-bit, and both in the kernel and userspace, from PMU interrupt
context.
The first three entries stored for each callchain are the NIP (next
instruction pointer), LR (link register), and the contents of the LR
save area in the second stack frame (the first is ignored because the
ABI convention on powerpc is that functions save their return address
in their caller's stack frame). Because leaf functions don't have to
save their return address (LR value) and don't have to establish a
stack frame, it's possible for either or both of LR and the second
stack frame's LR save area to have valid return addresses in them.
This is basically impossible to disambiguate without either reading
the code or looking at auxiliary information such as CFI tables.
Since we don't want to do either of those things at interrupt time,
we store both LR and the second stack frame's LR save area.
Once we get past the second stack frame, there is no ambiguity; all
return addresses we get are reliable.
For kernel traces, we check whether they are valid kernel instruction
addresses and store zero instead if they are not (rather than
omitting them, which would make it impossible for userspace to know
which was which). We also store zero instead of the second stack
frame's LR save area value if it is the same as LR.
For kernel traces, we check for interrupt frames, and for user traces,
we check for signal frames. In each case, since we're starting a new
trace, we store a PERF_CONTEXT_KERNEL/USER marker so that userspace
knows that the next three entries are NIP, LR and the second stack frame
for the interrupted context.
We read user memory with __get_user_inatomic. On 64-bit, if this
PMU interrupt occurred while interrupts are soft-disabled, and
there is no MMU hash table entry for the page, we will get an
-EFAULT return from __get_user_inatomic even if there is a valid
Linux PTE for the page, since hash_page isn't reentrant. Thus we
have code here to read the Linux PTE and access the page via the
kernel linear mapping. Since 64-bit doesn't use (or need) highmem
there is no need to do kmap_atomic. On 32-bit, we don't do soft
interrupt disabling, so this complication doesn't occur and there
is no need to fall back to reading the Linux PTE, since hash_page
(or the TLB miss handler) will get called automatically if necessary.
Note that we cannot get PMU interrupts in the interval during
context switch between switch_mm (which switches the user address
space) and switch_to (which actually changes current to the new
process). On 64-bit this is because interrupts are hard-disabled
in switch_mm and stay hard-disabled until they are soft-enabled
later, after switch_to has returned. So there is no possibility
of trying to do a user stack trace when the user address space is
not current's address space.
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
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