Merge tag 'powerpc-4.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mpe/linux

Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:

 - disable the 32-bit vdso when building LE, so we can build with a
   64-bit only toolchain.

 - EEH fixes from Gavin & Richard.

 - enable the sys_kcmp syscall from Laurent.

 - sysfs control for fastsleep workaround from Shreyas.

 - expose OPAL events as an irq chip by Alistair.

 - MSI ops moved to pci_controller_ops by Daniel.

 - fix for kernel to userspace backtraces for perf from Anton.

 - merge pseries and pseries_le defconfigs from Cyril.

 - CXL in-kernel API from Mikey.

 - OPAL prd driver from Jeremy.

 - fix for DSCR handling & tests from Anshuman.

 - Powernv flash mtd driver from Cyril.

 - dynamic DMA Window support on powernv from Alexey.

 - LLVM clang fixes & workarounds from Anton.

 - reworked version of the patch to abort syscalls when transactional.

 - fix the swap encoding to support 4TB, from Aneesh.

 - various fixes as usual.

 - Freescale updates from Scott: Highlights include more 8xx
   optimizations, an e6500 hugetlb optimization, QMan device tree nodes,
   t1024/t1023 support, and various fixes and cleanup.

* tag 'powerpc-4.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mpe/linux: (180 commits)
  cxl: Fix typo in debug print
  cxl: Add CXL_KERNEL_API config option
  powerpc/powernv: Fix wrong IOMMU table in pnv_ioda_setup_bus_dma()
  powerpc/mm: Change the swap encoding in pte.
  powerpc/mm: PTE_RPN_MAX is not used, remove the same
  powerpc/tm: Abort syscalls in active transactions
  powerpc/iommu/ioda2: Enable compile with IOV=on and IOMMU_API=off
  powerpc/include: Add opal-prd to installed uapi headers
  powerpc/powernv: fix construction of opal PRD messages
  powerpc/powernv: Increase opal-irqchip initcall priority
  powerpc: Make doorbell check preemption safe
  powerpc/powernv: pnv_init_idle_states() should only run on powernv
  macintosh/nvram: Remove as unused
  powerpc: Don't use gcc specific options on clang
  powerpc: Don't use -mno-strict-align on clang
  powerpc: Only use -mtraceback=no, -mno-string and -msoft-float if toolchain supports it
  powerpc: Only use -mabi=altivec if toolchain supports it
  powerpc: Fix duplicate const clang warning in user access code
  vfio: powerpc/spapr: Support Dynamic DMA windows
  vfio: powerpc/spapr: Register memory and define IOMMU v2
  ...

9 files changed, 217 insertions, 21 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-cxl b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-cxl
index d46bba8..acfe9df 100644
--- a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-cxl
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-cxl
@@ -6,6 +6,17 @@ Example: The real path of the attribute /sys/class/cxl/afu0.0s/irqs_max is
 
 Slave contexts (eg. /sys/class/cxl/afu0.0s):
 
+What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/afu_err_buf
+Date:           September 2014
+Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
+Description:    read only
+                AFU Error Buffer contents. The contents of this file are
+		application specific and depends on the AFU being used.
+		Applications interacting with the AFU can use this attribute
+		to know about the current error condition and take appropriate
+		action like logging the event etc.
+
+
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/irqs_max
 Date:           September 2014
 Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
@@ -15,6 +26,7 @@ Description:    read/write
                 that hardware can support (eg. 2037). Write values will limit
                 userspace applications to that many userspace interrupts. Must
                 be >= irqs_min.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/irqs_min
 Date:           September 2014
@@ -24,6 +36,7 @@ Description:    read only
                 userspace must request on a CXL_START_WORK ioctl. Userspace may
                 omit the num_interrupts field in the START_WORK IOCTL to get
                 this minimum automatically.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/mmio_size
 Date:           September 2014
@@ -31,6 +44,7 @@ Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
                 Decimal value of the size of the MMIO space that may be mmaped
                 by userspace.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/modes_supported
 Date:           September 2014
@@ -38,6 +52,7 @@ Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
                 List of the modes this AFU supports. One per line.
                 Valid entries are: "dedicated_process" and "afu_directed"
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/mode
 Date:           September 2014
@@ -46,6 +61,7 @@ Description:    read/write
                 The current mode the AFU is using. Will be one of the modes
                 given in modes_supported. Writing will change the mode
                 provided that no user contexts are attached.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/prefault_mode
@@ -59,6 +75,7 @@ Description:    read/write
                                  descriptor as an effective address and
                                  prefault what it points to.
                         all: all segments process calling START_WORK maps.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/reset
 Date:           September 2014
@@ -66,12 +83,14 @@ Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    write only
                 Writing 1 here will reset the AFU provided there are not
                 contexts active on the AFU.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/api_version
 Date:           September 2014
 Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
                 Decimal value of the current version of the kernel/user API.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/api_version_compatible
 Date:           September 2014
@@ -79,6 +98,7 @@ Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
                 Decimal value of the the lowest version of the userspace API
                 this this kernel supports.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 
 AFU configuration records (eg. /sys/class/cxl/afu0.0/cr0):
@@ -92,6 +112,7 @@ Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
 		Hexadecimal value of the vendor ID found in this AFU
 		configuration record.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/cr<config num>/device
 Date:           February 2015
@@ -99,6 +120,7 @@ Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
 		Hexadecimal value of the device ID found in this AFU
 		configuration record.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/cr<config num>/class
 Date:           February 2015
@@ -106,6 +128,7 @@ Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
 		Hexadecimal value of the class code found in this AFU
 		configuration record.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>/cr<config num>/config
 Date:           February 2015
@@ -115,6 +138,7 @@ Description:    read only
 		record. The format is expected to match the either the standard
 		or extended configuration space defined by the PCIe
 		specification.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 
 
@@ -126,18 +150,21 @@ Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
                 Decimal value of the size of the MMIO space that may be mmaped
                 by userspace. This includes all slave contexts space also.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>m/pp_mmio_len
 Date:           September 2014
 Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
                 Decimal value of the Per Process MMIO space length.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<afu>m/pp_mmio_off
 Date:           September 2014
 Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
                 Decimal value of the Per Process MMIO space offset.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 
 Card info (eg. /sys/class/cxl/card0)
@@ -147,12 +174,14 @@ Date:           September 2014
 Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
                 Identifies the CAIA Version the card implements.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<card>/psl_revision
 Date:           September 2014
 Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
                 Identifies the revision level of the PSL.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<card>/base_image
 Date:           September 2014
@@ -162,6 +191,7 @@ Description:    read only
                 that support loadable PSLs. For FPGAs this field identifies
                 the image contained in the on-adapter flash which is loaded
                 during the initial program load.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<card>/image_loaded
 Date:           September 2014
@@ -169,6 +199,7 @@ Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    read only
                 Will return "user" or "factory" depending on the image loaded
                 onto the card.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<card>/load_image_on_perst
 Date:           December 2014
@@ -183,6 +214,7 @@ Description:    read/write
                 user or factory image to be loaded.
                 Default is to reload on PERST whichever image the card has
                 loaded.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
 
 What:           /sys/class/cxl/<card>/reset
 Date:           October 2014
@@ -190,3 +222,4 @@ Contact:        linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
 Description:    write only
                 Writing 1 will issue a PERST to card which may cause the card
                 to reload the FPGA depending on load_image_on_perst.
+Users:		https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/powerpc/fsl/fman.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/powerpc/fsl/fman.txt
index edda55f..1fc5328 100644
--- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/powerpc/fsl/fman.txt
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/powerpc/fsl/fman.txt
@@ -189,6 +189,19 @@ PROPERTIES
 		Definition: There is one reg region describing the port
 		configuration registers.
 
+- fsl,fman-10g-port
+		Usage: optional
+		Value type: boolean
+		Definition: The default port rate is 1G.
+		If this property exists, the port is s 10G port.
+
+- fsl,fman-best-effort-port
+		Usage: optional
+		Value type: boolean
+		Definition: Can be defined only if 10G-support is set.
+		This property marks a best-effort 10G port (10G port that
+		may not be capable of line rate).
+
 EXAMPLE
 
 port@a8000 {
diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/powerpc/fsl/guts.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/powerpc/fsl/guts.txt
index 7f150b5..b71b203 100644
--- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/powerpc/fsl/guts.txt
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/powerpc/fsl/guts.txt
@@ -9,6 +9,11 @@ Required properties:
 
  - compatible : Should define the compatible device type for
    global-utilities.
+   Possible compatibles:
+	"fsl,qoriq-device-config-1.0"
+	"fsl,qoriq-device-config-2.0"
+	"fsl,<chip>-device-config"
+	"fsl,<chip>-guts"
  - reg : Offset and length of the register set for the device.
 
 Recommended properties:
diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/soc/fsl/qman-portals.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/soc/fsl/qman-portals.txt
index 48c4dae..47e46cc 100644
--- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/soc/fsl/qman-portals.txt
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/soc/fsl/qman-portals.txt
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ PROPERTIES
 
 	For additional details about the PAMU/LIODN binding(s) see pamu.txt
 
-- fsl,qman-channel-id
+- cell-index
 	Usage:		Required
 	Value type:	<u32>
 	Definition:	The hardware index of the channel. This can also be
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ The example below shows a (P4080) QMan portals container/bus node with two porta
 			reg = <0x4000 0x4000>, <0x101000 0x1000>;
 			interrupts = <106 2 0 0>;
 			fsl,liodn = <3 4>;
-			fsl,qman-channel-id = <1>;
+			cell-index = <1>;
 
 			fman0 {
 				fsl,liodn = <0x22>;
diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/00-INDEX b/Documentation/powerpc/00-INDEX
index 6fd0e8b..9dc845c 100644
--- a/Documentation/powerpc/00-INDEX
+++ b/Documentation/powerpc/00-INDEX
@@ -30,3 +30,5 @@ ptrace.txt
 	- Information on the ptrace interfaces for hardware debug registers.
 transactional_memory.txt
 	- Overview of the Power8 transactional memory support.
+dscr.txt
+	- Overview DSCR (Data Stream Control Register) support.
diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/cxl.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/cxl.txt
index 2c71ecc..2a230d01 100644
--- a/Documentation/powerpc/cxl.txt
+++ b/Documentation/powerpc/cxl.txt
@@ -133,6 +133,9 @@ User API
     The following file operations are supported on both slave and
     master devices.
 
+    A userspace library libcxl is avaliable here:
+	https://github.com/ibm-capi/libcxl
+    This provides a C interface to this kernel API.
 
 open
 ----
@@ -366,6 +369,7 @@ Sysfs Class
     enumeration and tuning of the accelerators. Its layout is
     described in Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-cxl
 
+
 Udev rules
 ==========
 
diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/dscr.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/dscr.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ff4400
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/powerpc/dscr.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+			DSCR (Data Stream Control Register)
+		================================================
+
+DSCR register in powerpc allows user to have some control of prefetch of data
+stream in the processor. Please refer to the ISA documents or related manual
+for more detailed information regarding how to use this DSCR to attain this
+control of the pefetches . This document here provides an overview of kernel
+support for DSCR, related kernel objects, it's functionalities and exported
+user interface.
+
+(A) Data Structures:
+
+	(1) thread_struct:
+		dscr		/* Thread DSCR value */
+		dscr_inherit	/* Thread has changed default DSCR */
+
+	(2) PACA:
+		dscr_default	/* per-CPU DSCR default value */
+
+	(3) sysfs.c:
+		dscr_default	/* System DSCR default value */
+
+(B) Scheduler Changes:
+
+	Scheduler will write the per-CPU DSCR default which is stored in the
+	CPU's PACA value into the register if the thread has dscr_inherit value
+	cleared which means that it has not changed the default DSCR till now.
+	If the dscr_inherit value is set which means that it has changed the
+	default DSCR value, scheduler will write the changed value which will
+	now be contained in thread struct's dscr into the register instead of
+	the per-CPU default PACA based DSCR value.
+
+	NOTE: Please note here that the system wide global DSCR value never
+	gets used directly in the scheduler process context switch at all.
+
+(C) SYSFS Interface:
+
+	Global DSCR default:		/sys/devices/system/cpu/dscr_default
+	CPU specific DSCR default:	/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuN/dscr
+
+	Changing the global DSCR default in the sysfs will change all the CPU
+	specific DSCR defaults immediately in their PACA structures. Again if
+	the current process has the dscr_inherit clear, it also writes the new
+	value into every CPU's DSCR register right away and updates the current
+	thread's DSCR value as well.
+
+	Changing the CPU specif DSCR default value in the sysfs does exactly
+	the same thing as above but unlike the global one above, it just changes
+	stuff for that particular CPU instead for all the CPUs on the system.
+
+(D) User Space Instructions:
+
+	The DSCR register can be accessed in the user space using any of these
+	two SPR numbers available for that purpose.
+
+	(1) Problem state SPR:		0x03	(Un-privileged, POWER8 only)
+	(2) Privileged state SPR:	0x11	(Privileged)
+
+	Accessing DSCR through privileged SPR number (0x11) from user space
+	works, as it is emulated following an illegal instruction exception
+	inside the kernel. Both mfspr and mtspr instructions are emulated.
+
+	Accessing DSCR through user level SPR (0x03) from user space will first
+	create a facility unavailable exception. Inside this exception handler
+	all mfspr isntruction based read attempts will get emulated and returned
+	where as the first mtspr instruction based write attempts will enable
+	the DSCR facility for the next time around (both for read and write) by
+	setting DSCR facility in the FSCR register.
+
+(E) Specifics about 'dscr_inherit':
+
+	The thread struct element 'dscr_inherit' represents whether the thread
+	in question has attempted and changed the DSCR itself using any of the
+	following methods. This element signifies whether the thread wants to
+	use the CPU default DSCR value or its own changed DSCR value in the
+	kernel.
+
+		(1) mtspr instruction	(SPR number 0x03)
+		(2) mtspr instruction	(SPR number 0x11)
+		(3) ptrace interface	(Explicitly set user DSCR value)
+
+	Any child of the process created after this event in the process inherits
+	this same behaviour as well.
diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/transactional_memory.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/transactional_memory.txt
index ded6979..ba0a2a4 100644
--- a/Documentation/powerpc/transactional_memory.txt
+++ b/Documentation/powerpc/transactional_memory.txt
@@ -74,22 +74,23 @@ Causes of transaction aborts
 Syscalls
 ========
 
-Performing syscalls from within transaction is not recommended, and can lead
-to unpredictable results.
+Syscalls made from within an active transaction will not be performed and the
+transaction will be doomed by the kernel with the failure code TM_CAUSE_SYSCALL
+| TM_CAUSE_PERSISTENT.
 
-Syscalls do not by design abort transactions, but beware: The kernel code will
-not be running in transactional state.  The effect of syscalls will always
-remain visible, but depending on the call they may abort your transaction as a
-side-effect, read soon-to-be-aborted transactional data that should not remain
-invisible, etc.  If you constantly retry a transaction that constantly aborts
-itself by calling a syscall, you'll have a livelock & make no progress.
+Syscalls made from within a suspended transaction are performed as normal and
+the transaction is not explicitly doomed by the kernel.  However, what the
+kernel does to perform the syscall may result in the transaction being doomed
+by the hardware.  The syscall is performed in suspended mode so any side
+effects will be persistent, independent of transaction success or failure.  No
+guarantees are provided by the kernel about which syscalls will affect
+transaction success.
 
-Simple syscalls (e.g. sigprocmask()) "could" be OK.  Even things like write()
-from, say, printf() should be OK as long as the kernel does not access any
-memory that was accessed transactionally.
-
-Consider any syscalls that happen to work as debug-only -- not recommended for
-production use.  Best to queue them up till after the transaction is over.
+Care must be taken when relying on syscalls to abort during active transactions
+if the calls are made via a library.  Libraries may cache values (which may
+give the appearance of success) or perform operations that cause transaction
+failure before entering the kernel (which may produce different failure codes).
+Examples are glibc's getpid() and lazy symbol resolution.
 
 
 Signals
@@ -176,8 +177,7 @@ kernel aborted a transaction:
  TM_CAUSE_RESCHED       Thread was rescheduled.
  TM_CAUSE_TLBI          Software TLB invalid.
  TM_CAUSE_FAC_UNAV      FP/VEC/VSX unavailable trap.
- TM_CAUSE_SYSCALL       Currently unused; future syscalls that must abort
-                        transactions for consistency will use this.
+ TM_CAUSE_SYSCALL       Syscall from active transaction.
  TM_CAUSE_SIGNAL        Signal delivered.
  TM_CAUSE_MISC          Currently unused.
  TM_CAUSE_ALIGNMENT     Alignment fault.
diff --git a/Documentation/vfio.txt b/Documentation/vfio.txt
index 96978ec..1dd3fdd 100644
--- a/Documentation/vfio.txt
+++ b/Documentation/vfio.txt
@@ -289,10 +289,12 @@ PPC64 sPAPR implementation note
 
 This implementation has some specifics:
 
-1) Only one IOMMU group per container is supported as an IOMMU group
-represents the minimal entity which isolation can be guaranteed for and
-groups are allocated statically, one per a Partitionable Endpoint (PE)
+1) On older systems (POWER7 with P5IOC2/IODA1) only one IOMMU group per
+container is supported as an IOMMU table is allocated at the boot time,
+one table per a IOMMU group which is a Partitionable Endpoint (PE)
 (PE is often a PCI domain but not always).
+Newer systems (POWER8 with IODA2) have improved hardware design which allows
+to remove this limitation and have multiple IOMMU groups per a VFIO container.
 
 2) The hardware supports so called DMA windows - the PCI address range
 within which DMA transfer is allowed, any attempt to access address space
@@ -385,6 +387,18 @@ The code flow from the example above should be slightly changed:
 
 	....
 
+	/* Inject EEH error, which is expected to be caused by 32-bits
+	 * config load.
+	 */
+	pe_op.op = VFIO_EEH_PE_INJECT_ERR;
+	pe_op.err.type = EEH_ERR_TYPE_32;
+	pe_op.err.func = EEH_ERR_FUNC_LD_CFG_ADDR;
+	pe_op.err.addr = 0ul;
+	pe_op.err.mask = 0ul;
+	ioctl(container, VFIO_EEH_PE_OP, &pe_op);
+
+	....
+
 	/* When 0xFF's returned from reading PCI config space or IO BARs
 	 * of the PCI device. Check the PE's state to see if that has been
 	 * frozen.
@@ -427,6 +441,48 @@ The code flow from the example above should be slightly changed:
 
 	....
 
+5) There is v2 of SPAPR TCE IOMMU. It deprecates VFIO_IOMMU_ENABLE/
+VFIO_IOMMU_DISABLE and implements 2 new ioctls:
+VFIO_IOMMU_SPAPR_REGISTER_MEMORY and VFIO_IOMMU_SPAPR_UNREGISTER_MEMORY
+(which are unsupported in v1 IOMMU).
+
+PPC64 paravirtualized guests generate a lot of map/unmap requests,
+and the handling of those includes pinning/unpinning pages and updating
+mm::locked_vm counter to make sure we do not exceed the rlimit.
+The v2 IOMMU splits accounting and pinning into separate operations:
+
+- VFIO_IOMMU_SPAPR_REGISTER_MEMORY/VFIO_IOMMU_SPAPR_UNREGISTER_MEMORY ioctls
+receive a user space address and size of the block to be pinned.
+Bisecting is not supported and VFIO_IOMMU_UNREGISTER_MEMORY is expected to
+be called with the exact address and size used for registering
+the memory block. The userspace is not expected to call these often.
+The ranges are stored in a linked list in a VFIO container.
+
+- VFIO_IOMMU_MAP_DMA/VFIO_IOMMU_UNMAP_DMA ioctls only update the actual
+IOMMU table and do not do pinning; instead these check that the userspace
+address is from pre-registered range.
+
+This separation helps in optimizing DMA for guests.
+
+6) sPAPR specification allows guests to have an additional DMA window(s) on
+a PCI bus with a variable page size. Two ioctls have been added to support
+this: VFIO_IOMMU_SPAPR_TCE_CREATE and VFIO_IOMMU_SPAPR_TCE_REMOVE.
+The platform has to support the functionality or error will be returned to
+the userspace. The existing hardware supports up to 2 DMA windows, one is
+2GB long, uses 4K pages and called "default 32bit window"; the other can
+be as big as entire RAM, use different page size, it is optional - guests
+create those in run-time if the guest driver supports 64bit DMA.
+
+VFIO_IOMMU_SPAPR_TCE_CREATE receives a page shift, a DMA window size and
+a number of TCE table levels (if a TCE table is going to be big enough and
+the kernel may not be able to allocate enough of physically contiguous memory).
+It creates a new window in the available slot and returns the bus address where
+the new window starts. Due to hardware limitation, the user space cannot choose
+the location of DMA windows.
+
+VFIO_IOMMU_SPAPR_TCE_REMOVE receives the bus start address of the window
+and removes it.
+
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 [1] VFIO was originally an acronym for "Virtual Function I/O" in its