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author | Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com> | 2015-08-17 02:31:51 (GMT) |
---|---|---|
committer | Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com> | 2015-09-23 17:01:16 (GMT) |
commit | bc07c10a3603a5ab3ef01ba42b3d41f9ac63d1b6 (patch) | |
tree | 1ebe0510f1b1f707635861e1e773b9176fbe0490 /drivers/block | |
parent | ab1cb278bc7027663adbfb0b81404f8398437e11 (diff) | |
download | linux-bc07c10a3603a5ab3ef01ba42b3d41f9ac63d1b6.tar.xz |
block: loop: support DIO & AIO
There are at least 3 advantages to use direct I/O and AIO on
read/write loop's backing file:
1) double cache can be avoided, then memory usage gets
decreased a lot
2) not like user space direct I/O, there isn't cost of
pinning pages
3) avoid context switch for obtaining good throughput
- in buffered file read, random I/O top throughput is often obtained
only if they are submitted concurrently from lots of tasks; but for
sequential I/O, most of times they can be hit from page cache, so
concurrent submissions often introduce unnecessary context switch
and can't improve throughput much. There was such discussion[1]
to use non-blocking I/O to improve the problem for application.
- with direct I/O and AIO, concurrent submissions can be
avoided and random read throughput can't be affected meantime
xfstests(-g auto, ext4) is basically passed when running with
direct I/O(aio), one exception is generic/232, but it failed in
loop buffered I/O(4.2-rc6-next-20150814) too.
Follows the fio test result for performance purpose:
4 jobs fio test inside ext4 file system over loop block
1) How to run
- KVM: 4 VCPUs, 2G RAM
- linux kernel: 4.2-rc6-next-20150814(base) with the patchset
- the loop block is over one image on SSD.
- linux psync, 4 jobs, size 1500M, ext4 over loop block
- test result: IOPS from fio output
2) Throughput(IOPS) becomes a bit better with direct I/O(aio)
-------------------------------------------------------------
test cases |randread |read |randwrite |write |
-------------------------------------------------------------
base |8015 |113811 |67442 |106978
-------------------------------------------------------------
base+loop aio |8136 |125040 |67811 |111376
-------------------------------------------------------------
- somehow, it should be caused by more page cache avaiable for
application or one extra page copy is avoided in case of direct I/O
3) context switch
- context switch decreased by ~50% with loop direct I/O(aio)
compared with loop buffered I/O(4.2-rc6-next-20150814)
4) memory usage from /proc/meminfo
-------------------------------------------------------------
| Buffers | Cached
-------------------------------------------------------------
base | > 760MB | ~950MB
-------------------------------------------------------------
base+loop direct I/O(aio) | < 5MB | ~1.6GB
-------------------------------------------------------------
- so there are much more page caches available for application with
direct I/O
[1] https://lwn.net/Articles/612483/
Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Diffstat (limited to 'drivers/block')
-rw-r--r-- | drivers/block/loop.c | 98 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | drivers/block/loop.h | 2 |
2 files changed, 97 insertions, 3 deletions
diff --git a/drivers/block/loop.c b/drivers/block/loop.c index 75db3b9..2337608 100644 --- a/drivers/block/loop.c +++ b/drivers/block/loop.c @@ -445,6 +445,90 @@ static int lo_req_flush(struct loop_device *lo, struct request *rq) return ret; } +static inline void handle_partial_read(struct loop_cmd *cmd, long bytes) +{ + if (bytes < 0 || (cmd->rq->cmd_flags & REQ_WRITE)) + return; + + if (unlikely(bytes < blk_rq_bytes(cmd->rq))) { + struct bio *bio = cmd->rq->bio; + + bio_advance(bio, bytes); + zero_fill_bio(bio); + } +} + +static void lo_rw_aio_complete(struct kiocb *iocb, long ret, long ret2) +{ + struct loop_cmd *cmd = container_of(iocb, struct loop_cmd, iocb); + struct request *rq = cmd->rq; + + handle_partial_read(cmd, ret); + + if (ret > 0) + ret = 0; + else if (ret < 0) + ret = -EIO; + + rq->errors = ret; + blk_mq_complete_request(rq); +} + +static int lo_rw_aio(struct loop_device *lo, struct loop_cmd *cmd, + loff_t pos, bool rw) +{ + struct iov_iter iter; + struct bio_vec *bvec; + struct bio *bio = cmd->rq->bio; + struct file *file = lo->lo_backing_file; + int ret; + + /* nomerge for loop request queue */ + WARN_ON(cmd->rq->bio != cmd->rq->biotail); + + bvec = __bvec_iter_bvec(bio->bi_io_vec, bio->bi_iter); + iov_iter_bvec(&iter, ITER_BVEC | rw, bvec, + bio_segments(bio), blk_rq_bytes(cmd->rq)); + + cmd->iocb.ki_pos = pos; + cmd->iocb.ki_filp = file; + cmd->iocb.ki_complete = lo_rw_aio_complete; + cmd->iocb.ki_flags = IOCB_DIRECT; + + if (rw == WRITE) + ret = file->f_op->write_iter(&cmd->iocb, &iter); + else + ret = file->f_op->read_iter(&cmd->iocb, &iter); + + if (ret != -EIOCBQUEUED) + cmd->iocb.ki_complete(&cmd->iocb, ret, 0); + return 0; +} + + +static inline int lo_rw_simple(struct loop_device *lo, + struct request *rq, loff_t pos, bool rw) +{ + struct loop_cmd *cmd = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(rq); + + if (cmd->use_aio) + return lo_rw_aio(lo, cmd, pos, rw); + + /* + * lo_write_simple and lo_read_simple should have been covered + * by io submit style function like lo_rw_aio(), one blocker + * is that lo_read_simple() need to call flush_dcache_page after + * the page is written from kernel, and it isn't easy to handle + * this in io submit style function which submits all segments + * of the req at one time. And direct read IO doesn't need to + * run flush_dcache_page(). + */ + if (rw == WRITE) + return lo_write_simple(lo, rq, pos); + else + return lo_read_simple(lo, rq, pos); +} + static int do_req_filebacked(struct loop_device *lo, struct request *rq) { loff_t pos; @@ -460,13 +544,13 @@ static int do_req_filebacked(struct loop_device *lo, struct request *rq) else if (lo->transfer) ret = lo_write_transfer(lo, rq, pos); else - ret = lo_write_simple(lo, rq, pos); + ret = lo_rw_simple(lo, rq, pos, WRITE); } else { if (lo->transfer) ret = lo_read_transfer(lo, rq, pos); else - ret = lo_read_simple(lo, rq, pos); + ret = lo_rw_simple(lo, rq, pos, READ); } return ret; @@ -1570,6 +1654,12 @@ static int loop_queue_rq(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, if (lo->lo_state != Lo_bound) return -EIO; + if (lo->use_dio && !(cmd->rq->cmd_flags & (REQ_FLUSH | + REQ_DISCARD))) + cmd->use_aio = true; + else + cmd->use_aio = false; + queue_kthread_work(&lo->worker, &cmd->work); return BLK_MQ_RQ_QUEUE_OK; @@ -1589,7 +1679,9 @@ static void loop_handle_cmd(struct loop_cmd *cmd) failed: if (ret) cmd->rq->errors = -EIO; - blk_mq_complete_request(cmd->rq); + /* complete non-aio request */ + if (!cmd->use_aio || ret) + blk_mq_complete_request(cmd->rq); } static void loop_queue_work(struct kthread_work *work) diff --git a/drivers/block/loop.h b/drivers/block/loop.h index d1de221..fb2237c 100644 --- a/drivers/block/loop.h +++ b/drivers/block/loop.h @@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ struct loop_cmd { struct kthread_work work; struct request *rq; struct list_head list; + bool use_aio; /* use AIO interface to handle I/O */ + struct kiocb iocb; }; /* Support for loadable transfer modules */ |