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2013-07-03kernel/resource.c: remove the unneeded assignment in function __find_resourceKevin Hao
This line was introduced by fcb11918 ("resources: add arch hook for preventing allocation in reserved areas"). But the struct tmp was already assigned to *new in the above line, so this seems superfluous. Just remove it. Signed-off-by: Kevin Hao <haokexin@gmail.com> Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com> Cc: Jesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03kernel/pid.c: move statementRaphael S. Carvalho
Move statement to static initilization of init_pid_ns. Signed-off-by: Raphael S. Carvalho <raphael.scarv@gmail.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03kernel/fork.c:copy_process(): consolidate the lockless CLONE_THREAD checksOleg Nesterov
copy_process() does a lot of "chaotic" initializations and checks CLONE_THREAD twice before it takes tasklist. In particular it sets "p->group_leader = p" and then changes it again under tasklist if !thread_group_leader(p). This looks a bit confusing, lets create a single "if (CLONE_THREAD)" block which initializes ->exit_signal, ->group_leader, and ->tgid. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com> Cc: Sergey Dyasly <dserrg@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03kernel/fork.c:copy_process(): don't add the uninitialized child to ↵Oleg Nesterov
thread/task/pid lists copy_process() adds the new child to thread_group/init_task.tasks list and then does attach_pid(child, PIDTYPE_PID). This means that the lockless next_thread() or next_task() can see this thread with the wrong pid. Say, "ls /proc/pid/task" can list the same inode twice. We could move attach_pid(child, PIDTYPE_PID) up, but in this case find_task_by_vpid() can find the new thread before it was fully initialized. And this is already true for PIDTYPE_PGID/PIDTYPE_SID, With this patch copy_process() initializes child->pids[*].pid first, then calls attach_pid() to insert the task into the pid->tasks list. attach_pid() no longer need the "struct pid*" argument, it is always called after pid_link->pid was already set. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com> Cc: Sergey Dyasly <dserrg@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03kernel/fork.c:copy_process(): unify CLONE_THREAD-or-thread_group_leader codeOleg Nesterov
Cleanup and preparation for the next changes. Move the "if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)" code down under "if (likely(p->pid))" and turn it into into the "else" branch. This makes the process/thread initialization more symmetrical and removes one check. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com> Cc: Sergey Dyasly <dserrg@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03fork: reorder permissions when violating number of processes limitsEric Paris
When a task is attempting to violate the RLIMIT_NPROC limit we have a check to see if the task is sufficiently priviledged. The check first looks at CAP_SYS_ADMIN, then CAP_SYS_RESOURCE, then if the task is uid=0. A result is that tasks which are allowed by the uid=0 check are first checked against the security subsystem. This results in the security subsystem auditting a denial for sys_admin and sys_resource and then the task passing the uid=0 check. This patch rearranges the code to first check uid=0, since if we pass that we shouldn't hit the security system at all. We then check sys_resource, since it is the smallest capability which will solve the problem. Lastly we check the fallback everything cap_sysadmin. We don't want to give this capability many places since it is so powerful. This will eliminate many of the false positive/needless denial messages we get when a root task tries to violate the nproc limit. (note that kthreads count against root, so on a sufficiently large machine we can actually get past the default limits before any userspace tasks are launched.) Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03exit.c: unexport __set_special_pids()Oleg Nesterov
Move __set_special_pids() from exit.c to sys.c close to its single caller and make it static. And rename it to set_special_pids(), another helper with this name has gone away. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03usermodehelper: kill the sub_info->path[0] checkOleg Nesterov
call_usermodehelper_exec() does nothing but returns success if path[0] == 0. The only user which needs this strange feature is request_module(), it can check modprobe_path[0] itself like other users do if they want to detect the "disabled by admin" case. Kill it. Not only it looks strange, it can confuse other callers. And this allows us to revert 264b83c0 ("usermodehelper: check subprocess_info->path != NULL"), do_execve(NULL) is safe. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Cc: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.de.marchi@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03ptrace: add ability to get/set signal-blocked maskAndrey Vagin
crtools uses a parasite code for dumping processes. The parasite code is injected into a process with help PTRACE_SEIZE. Currently crtools blocks signals from a parasite code. If a process has pending signals, crtools wait while a process handles these signals. This method is not suitable for stopped tasks. A stopped task can have a few pending signals, when we will try to execute a parasite code, we will need to drop SIGSTOP, but all other signals must remain pending, because a state of processes must not be changed during checkpointing. This patch adds two ptrace commands to set/get signal-blocked mask. I think gdb can use this commands too. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: be consistent with brace layout] Signed-off-by: Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org> Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com> Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03kprobes: handle empty/invalid input to debugfs "enabled" fileMathias Krause
When writing invalid input to 'debug/kprobes/enabled' it'll silently be ignored. Even worse, when writing an empty string to this file, the outcome is purely random as the switch statement will make its decision based on the value of an uninitialized stack variable. Fix this by handling invalid/empty input as error returning -EINVAL. Signed-off-by: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com> Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com> Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03kernel/sys.c:do_sysinfo(): use get_monotonic_boottime()Oleg Nesterov
Change do_sysinfo() to use get_monotonic_boottime() instead of do_posix_clock_monotonic_gettime() + monotonic_to_bootbased(). Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Acked-by: John Stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com> Cc: Tomas Janousek <tjanouse@redhat.com> Cc: Tomas Smetana <tsmetana@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03kernel/sys.c: sys_reboot(): fix malformed panic messageliguang
If LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_HALT for reboot failed, the message "cannot halt" will stay on the same line with the next message, so append a '\n'. Signed-off-by: liguang <lig.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03drivers: avoid parsing names as kthread_run() format stringsKees Cook
Calling kthread_run with a single name parameter causes it to be handled as a format string. Many callers are passing potentially dynamic string content, so use "%s" in those cases to avoid any potential accidents. Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03mm: use totalram_pages instead of num_physpages at runtimeJiang Liu
The global variable num_physpages is scheduled to be removed, so use totalram_pages instead of num_physpages at runtime. Signed-off-by: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com> Cc: Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Alexey Kuznetsov <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Hideaki YOSHIFUJI <yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org> Cc: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-07-03Merge branch 'for-3.11-cpuset' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup Pull cpuset changes from Tejun Heo: "cpuset has always been rather odd about its configurations - a cgroup right after creation didn't allow any task executions before configuration, changing configuration in the parent modifies the descendants irreversibly and so on. These behaviors are inherently nasty and almost hostile against sharing the hierarchy with other controllers making it very difficult to use in unified hierarchy. Li is currently in the process of updating the behaviors for __DEVEL__sane_behavior which is the bulk of changes in this pull request. It isn't complete yet and the behaviors will change further but all changes are gated behind sane_behavior. In the process, the rather hairy work-item punting which was used to work around the limitations of cgroup descendant iterator was simplified." * 'for-3.11-cpuset' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup: cpuset: rename @cont to @cgrp cpuset: fix to migrate mm correctly in a corner case cpuset: allow to move tasks to empty cpusets cpuset: allow to keep tasks in empty cpusets cpuset: introduce effective_{cpumask|nodemask}_cpuset() cpuset: record old_mems_allowed in struct cpuset cpuset: remove async hotplug propagation work cpuset: let hotplug propagation work wait for task attaching cpuset: re-structure update_cpumask() a bit cpuset: remove cpuset_test_cpumask() cpuset: remove unnecessary variable in cpuset_attach() cpuset: cleanup guarantee_online_{cpus|mems}() cpuset: remove redundant check in cpuset_cpus_allowed_fallback()
2013-07-03Merge branch 'for-3.11' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup Pull cgroup changes from Tejun Heo: "This pull request contains the following changes. - cgroup_subsys_state (css) reference counting has been converted to percpu-ref. css is what each resource controller embeds into its own control structure and perform reference count against. It may be used in hot paths of various subsystems and is similar to module refcnt in that aspect. For example, block-cgroup's css refcnting was showing up a lot in Mikulaus's device-mapper scalability work and this should alleviate it. - cgroup subtree iterator has been updated so that RCU read lock can be released after grabbing reference. This allows simplifying its users which requires blocking which used to build iteration list under RCU read lock and then traverse it outside. This pull request contains simplification of cgroup core and device-cgroup. A separate pull request will update cpuset. - Fixes for various bugs including corner race conditions and RCU usage bugs. - A lot of cleanups and some prepartory work for the planned unified hierarchy support." * 'for-3.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup: (48 commits) cgroup: CGRP_ROOT_SUBSYS_BOUND should also be ignored when mounting an existing hierarchy cgroup: CGRP_ROOT_SUBSYS_BOUND should be ignored when comparing mount options cgroup: fix deadlock on cgroup_mutex via drop_parsed_module_refcounts() cgroup: always use RCU accessors for protected accesses cgroup: fix RCU accesses around task->cgroups cgroup: fix RCU accesses to task->cgroups cgroup: grab cgroup_mutex in drop_parsed_module_refcounts() cgroup: fix cgroupfs_root early destruction path cgroup: reserve ID 0 for dummy_root and 1 for unified hierarchy cgroup: implement for_each_[builtin_]subsys() cgroup: move init_css_set initialization inside cgroup_mutex cgroup: s/for_each_subsys()/for_each_root_subsys()/ cgroup: clean up find_css_set() and friends cgroup: remove cgroup->actual_subsys_mask cgroup: prefix global variables with "cgroup_" cgroup: convert CFTYPE_* flags to enums cgroup: rename cont to cgrp cgroup: clean up cgroup_serial_nr_cursor cgroup: convert cgroup_cft_commit() to use cgroup_for_each_descendant_pre() cgroup: make serial_nr_cursor available throughout cgroup.c ...
2013-07-03Merge branch 'for-3.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wqLinus Torvalds
Pull workqueue changes from Tejun Heo: "Surprisingly, Lai and I didn't break too many things implementing custom pools and stuff last time around and there aren't any follow-up changes necessary at this point. The only change in this pull request is Viresh's patches to make some per-cpu workqueues to behave as unbound workqueues dependent on a boot param whose default can be configured via a config option. This leads to higher processing overhead / lower bandwidth as more work items are bounced across CPUs; however, it can lead to noticeable powersave in certain configurations - ~10% w/ idlish constant workload on a big.LITTLE configuration according to Viresh. This is because per-cpu workqueues interfere with how the scheduler perceives whether or not each CPU is idle by forcing pinned tasks on them, which makes the scheduler's power-aware scheduling decisions less effective. Its effectiveness is likely less pronounced on homogenous configurations and this type of optimization can probably be made automatic; however, the changes are pretty minimal and the affected workqueues are clearly marked, so it's an easy gain for some configurations for the time being with pretty unintrusive changes." * 'for-3.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq: fbcon: queue work on power efficient wq block: queue work on power efficient wq PHYLIB: queue work on system_power_efficient_wq workqueue: Add system wide power_efficient workqueues workqueues: Introduce new flag WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT for power oriented workqueues
2013-07-02Merge branch 'x86-ras-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull x86 RAS update from Ingo Molnar: "The changes in this tree are: - ACPI APEI (ACPI Platform Error Interface) improvements, by Chen Gong - misc MCE fixes/cleanups" * 'x86-ras-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: x86/mce: Update MCE severity condition check mce: acpi/apei: Add comments to clarify usage of the various bitfields in the MCA subsystem ACPI/APEI: Update einj documentation for param1/param2 ACPI/APEI: Add parameter check before error injection ACPI, APEI, EINJ: Fix error return code in einj_init() x86, mce: Fix "braodcast" typo
2013-07-02Merge branch 'sched-core-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull scheduler updates from Ingo Molnar: "The main changes: - load-calculation cleanups and improvements, by Alex Shi - various nohz related tidying up of statisics, by Frederic Weisbecker - factor out /proc functions to kernel/sched/proc.c, by Paul Gortmaker - simplify the RT policy scheduler, by Kirill Tkhai - various fixes and cleanups" * 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (42 commits) sched/debug: Remove CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED mask sched/debug: Fix formatting of /proc/<PID>/sched sched: Fix typo in struct sched_avg member description sched/fair: Fix typo describing flags in enqueue_entity sched/debug: Add load-tracking statistics to task sched: Change get_rq_runnable_load() to static and inline sched/tg: Remove tg.load_weight sched/cfs_rq: Change atomic64_t removed_load to atomic_long_t sched/tg: Use 'unsigned long' for load variable in task group sched: Change cfs_rq load avg to unsigned long sched: Consider runnable load average in move_tasks() sched: Compute runnable load avg in cpu_load and cpu_avg_load_per_task sched: Update cpu load after task_tick sched: Fix sleep time double accounting in enqueue entity sched: Set an initial value of runnable avg for new forked task sched: Move a few runnable tg variables into CONFIG_SMP Revert "sched: Introduce temporary FAIR_GROUP_SCHED dependency for load-tracking" sched: Don't mix use of typedef ctl_table and struct ctl_table sched: Remove WARN_ON(!sd) from init_sched_groups_power() sched: Fix memory leakage in build_sched_groups() ...
2013-07-02Merge branch 'perf-core-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull perf updates from Ingo Molnar: "Kernel improvements: - watchdog driver improvements by Li Zefan - Power7 CPI stack events related improvements by Sukadev Bhattiprolu - event multiplexing via hrtimers and other improvements by Stephane Eranian - kernel stack use optimization by Andrew Hunter - AMD IOMMU uncore PMU support by Suravee Suthikulpanit - NMI handling rate-limits by Dave Hansen - various hw_breakpoint fixes by Oleg Nesterov - hw_breakpoint overflow period sampling and related signal handling fixes by Jiri Olsa - Intel Haswell PMU support by Andi Kleen Tooling improvements: - Reset SIGTERM handler in workload child process, fix from David Ahern. - Makefile reorganization, prep work for Kconfig patches, from Jiri Olsa. - Add automated make test suite, from Jiri Olsa. - Add --percent-limit option to 'top' and 'report', from Namhyung Kim. - Sorting improvements, from Namhyung Kim. - Expand definition of sysfs format attribute, from Michael Ellerman. Tooling fixes: - 'perf tests' fixes from Jiri Olsa. - Make Power7 CPI stack events available in sysfs, from Sukadev Bhattiprolu. - Handle death by SIGTERM in 'perf record', fix from David Ahern. - Fix printing of perf_event_paranoid message, from David Ahern. - Handle realloc failures in 'perf kvm', from David Ahern. - Fix divide by 0 in variance, from David Ahern. - Save parent pid in thread struct, from David Ahern. - Handle JITed code in shared memory, from Andi Kleen. - Fixes for 'perf diff', from Jiri Olsa. - Remove some unused struct members, from Jiri Olsa. - Add missing liblk.a dependency for python/perf.so, fix from Jiri Olsa. - Respect CROSS_COMPILE in liblk.a, from Rabin Vincent. - No need to do locking when adding hists in perf report, only 'top' needs that, from Namhyung Kim. - Fix alignment of symbol column in in the hists browser (top, report) when -v is given, from NAmhyung Kim. - Fix 'perf top' -E option behavior, from Namhyung Kim. - Fix bug in isupper() and islower(), from Sukadev Bhattiprolu. - Fix compile errors in bp_signal 'perf test', from Sukadev Bhattiprolu. ... and more things" * 'perf-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (102 commits) perf/x86: Disable PEBS-LL in intel_pmu_pebs_disable() perf/x86: Fix shared register mutual exclusion enforcement perf/x86/intel: Support full width counting x86: Add NMI duration tracepoints perf: Drop sample rate when sampling is too slow x86: Warn when NMI handlers take large amounts of time hw_breakpoint: Introduce "struct bp_cpuinfo" hw_breakpoint: Simplify *register_wide_hw_breakpoint() hw_breakpoint: Introduce cpumask_of_bp() hw_breakpoint: Simplify the "weight" usage in toggle_bp_slot() paths hw_breakpoint: Simplify list/idx mess in toggle_bp_slot() paths perf/x86/intel: Add mem-loads/stores support for Haswell perf/x86/intel: Support Haswell/v4 LBR format perf/x86/intel: Move NMI clearing to end of PMI handler perf/x86/intel: Add Haswell PEBS support perf/x86/intel: Add simple Haswell PMU support perf/x86/intel: Add Haswell PEBS record support perf/x86/intel: Fix sparse warning perf/x86/amd: AMD IOMMU Performance Counter PERF uncore PMU implementation perf/x86/amd: Add IOMMU Performance Counter resource management ...
2013-07-02Merge branch 'irq-core-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull core irq changes from Ingo Molnar: "The main changes: - generic-irqchip driver additions, cleanups and fixes - 3 new irqchip drivers: ARMv7-M NVIC, TB10x and Marvell Orion SoCs - irq_get_trigger_type() simplification and cross-arch cleanup - various cleanups, simplifications - documentation updates" * 'irq-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (26 commits) softirq: Use _RET_IP_ genirq: Add the generic chip to the genirq docbook genirq: generic-chip: Export some irq_gc_ functions genirq: Fix can_request_irq() for IRQs without an action irqchip: exynos-combiner: Staticize combiner_init irqchip: Add support for ARMv7-M NVIC irqchip: Add TB10x interrupt controller driver irqdomain: Use irq_get_trigger_type() to get IRQ flags MIPS: octeon: Use irq_get_trigger_type() to get IRQ flags arm: orion: Use irq_get_trigger_type() to get IRQ flags mfd: stmpe: use irq_get_trigger_type() to get IRQ flags mfd: twl4030-irq: Use irq_get_trigger_type() to get IRQ flags gpio: mvebu: Use irq_get_trigger_type() to get IRQ flags genirq: Add irq_get_trigger_type() to get IRQ flags genirq: Irqchip: document gcflags arg of irq_alloc_domain_generic_chips genirq: Set irq thread to RT priority on creation irqchip: Add support for Marvell Orion SoCs genirq: Add kerneldoc for irq_disable. genirq: irqchip: Add mask to block out invalid irqs genirq: Generic chip: Add linear irq domain support ...
2013-07-02Merge branch 'core-rcu-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull RCU updates from Ingo Molnar: "The major changes: - Simplify RCU's grace-period and callback processing based on the new numbering for callbacks. - Removal of TINY_PREEMPT_RCU in favor of TREE_PREEMPT_RCU for single-CPU low-latency systems. - SRCU-related changes and fixes. - Miscellaneous fixes, including converting a few remaining printk() calls to pr_*(). - Documentation updates" * 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (32 commits) rcu: Shrink TINY_RCU by reworking CPU-stall ifdefs rcu: Shrink TINY_RCU by moving exit_rcu() rcu: Remove TINY_PREEMPT_RCU tracing documentation rcu: Consolidate rcutiny_plugin.h ifdefs rcu: Remove rcu_preempt_note_context_switch() rcu: Remove the CONFIG_TINY_RCU ifdefs in rcutiny.h rcu: Remove check_cpu_stall_preempt() rcu: Simplify RCU_TINY RCU callback invocation rcu: Remove rcu_preempt_process_callbacks() rcu: Remove rcu_preempt_remove_callbacks() rcu: Remove rcu_preempt_check_callbacks() rcu: Remove show_tiny_preempt_stats() rcu: Remove TINY_PREEMPT_RCU powerpc,kvm: fix imbalance srcu_read_[un]lock() rcu: Remove srcu_read_lock_raw() and srcu_read_unlock_raw(). rcu: Apply Dave Jones's NOCB Kconfig help feedback rcu: Merge adjacent identical ifdefs rcu: Drive quiescent-state-forcing delay from HZ rcu: Remove "Experimental" flags kthread: Add kworker kthreads to OS-jitter documentation ...
2013-07-02Merge branch 'core-mutexes-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull WW mutex support from Ingo Molnar: "This tree adds support for wound/wait style locks, which the graphics guys would like to make use of in the TTM graphics subsystem. Wound/wait mutexes are used when other multiple lock acquisitions of a similar type can be done in an arbitrary order. The deadlock handling used here is called wait/wound in the RDBMS literature: The older tasks waits until it can acquire the contended lock. The younger tasks needs to back off and drop all the locks it is currently holding, ie the younger task is wounded. See this LWN.net description of W/W mutexes: https://lwn.net/Articles/548909/ The comments there outline specific usecases for this facility (which have already been implemented for the DRM tree). Also see Documentation/ww-mutex-design.txt for more details" * 'core-mutexes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: locking-selftests: Handle unexpected failures more strictly mutex: Add more w/w tests to test EDEADLK path handling mutex: Add more tests to lib/locking-selftest.c mutex: Add w/w tests to lib/locking-selftest.c mutex: Add w/w mutex slowpath debugging mutex: Add support for wound/wait style locks arch: Make __mutex_fastpath_lock_retval return whether fastpath succeeded or not
2013-07-02Merge branch 'core-locking-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull locking changes from Ingo Molnar: "Four miscellanous standalone fixes for futexes, rtmutexes and Kconfig.locks." * 'core-locking-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: futex: Use freezable blocking call futex: Take hugepages into account when generating futex_key rtmutex: Document rt_mutex_adjust_prio_chain() locking: Fix copy/paste errors of "ARCH_INLINE_*_UNLOCK_BH"
2013-07-02Merge tag 'driver-core-3.11-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core Pull driver core updates from Greg KH: "Here's the big driver core merge for 3.11-rc1 Lots of little things, and larger firmware subsystem updates, all described in the shortlog. Nice thing here is that we finally get rid of CONFIG_HOTPLUG, after 10+ years, thanks to Stephen Rohtwell (it had been always on for a number of kernel releases, now it's just removed)" * tag 'driver-core-3.11-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core: (27 commits) driver core: device.h: fix doc compilation warnings firmware loader: fix another compile warning with PM_SLEEP unset build some drivers only when compile-testing firmware loader: fix compile warning with PM_SLEEP set kobject: sanitize argument for format string sysfs_notify is only possible on file attributes firmware loader: simplify holding module for request_firmware firmware loader: don't export cache_firmware and uncache_firmware drivers/base: Use attribute groups to create sysfs memory files firmware loader: fix compile warning firmware loader: fix build failure with !CONFIG_FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER Documentation: Updated broken link in HOWTO Finally eradicate CONFIG_HOTPLUG driver core: firmware loader: kill FW_ACTION_NOHOTPLUG requests before suspend driver core: firmware loader: don't cache FW_ACTION_NOHOTPLUG firmware Documentation: Tidy up some drivers/base/core.c kerneldoc content. platform_device: use a macro instead of platform_driver_register firmware: move EXPORT_SYMBOL annotations firmware: Avoid deadlock of usermodehelper lock at shutdown dell_rbu: Select CONFIG_FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER explicitly ...
2013-07-02Merge tag 'fscache-20130702' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs Pull FS-Cache updates from David Howells: "This contains a number of fixes for various FS-Cache issues plus some cleanups. The commits are, in order: 1) Provide a system wait_on_atomic_t() and wake_up_atomic_t() sharing the bit-wait table (enhancement for #8). 2) Don't put spin_lock() in a while-condition as spin_lock() may have a do {} while(0) wrapper (cleanup). 3) Symbolically name i_mutex lock classes rather than using numbers in CacheFiles (cleanup). 4) Don't sleep in page release if __GFP_FS is not set (deadlock vs ext4). 5) Uninline fscache_object_init() (cleanup for #7). 6) Wrap checks on object state (cleanup for #7). 7) Simplify the object state machine by separating work states from wait states. 8) Simplify cookie retention by objects (NULL pointer deref fix). 9) Remove unused list_to_page() macro (cleanup). 10) Make the remaining-pages counter in the retrieval op atomic (assertion failure fix). 11) Don't use spin_is_locked() in assertions (assertion failure fix)" * tag 'fscache-20130702' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs: FS-Cache: Don't use spin_is_locked() in assertions FS-Cache: The retrieval remaining-pages counter needs to be atomic_t cachefiles: remove unused macro list_to_page() FS-Cache: Simplify cookie retention for fscache_objects, fixing oops FS-Cache: Fix object state machine to have separate work and wait states FS-Cache: Wrap checks on object state FS-Cache: Uninline fscache_object_init() FS-Cache: Don't sleep in page release if __GFP_FS is not set CacheFiles: name i_mutex lock class explicitly fs/fscache: remove spin_lock() from the condition in while() Add wait_on_atomic_t() and wake_up_atomic_t()
2013-07-01Merge tag 'v3.10' into sched/coreIngo Molnar
Merge in a recent upstream commit: c2853c8df57f include/linux/math64.h: add div64_ul() because: 72a4cf20cb71 sched: Change cfs_rq load avg to unsigned long relies on it. [ We don't rebase sched/core for this, because the handful of followup commits after the broken commit are not behavioral changes so are unlikely to be needed during bisection. ] Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-29cgroup: CGRP_ROOT_SUBSYS_BOUND should also be ignored when mounting an ↵Tejun Heo
existing hierarchy 0ce6cba357 ("cgroup: CGRP_ROOT_SUBSYS_BOUND should be ignored when comparing mount options") only updated the remount path but CGRP_ROOT_SUBSYS_BOUND should also be ignored when comparing options while mounting an existing hierarchy. As option mismatch triggers a warning but doesn't fail the mount without sane_behavior, this only triggers a spurious warning message. Fix it by only comparing CGRP_ROOT_OPTION_MASK bits when comparing new and existing root options. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2013-06-29Fix: kernel/ptrace.c: ptrace_peek_siginfo() missing __put_user() validationMathieu Desnoyers
This __put_user() could be used by unprivileged processes to write into kernel memory. The issue here is that even if copy_siginfo_to_user() fails, the error code is not checked before __put_user() is executed. Luckily, ptrace_peek_siginfo() has been added within the 3.10-rc cycle, so it has not hit a stable release yet. Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com> Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Paul McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com> Cc: Pedro Alves <palves@redhat.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-06-29Merge branch 'timers-urgent-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull timer fix from Thomas Gleixner: "Correct an ordering issue in the tick broadcast code. I really wish we'd get compensation for pain and suffering for each line of code we write to work around dysfunctional timer hardware." * 'timers-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: tick: Fix tick_broadcast_pending_mask not cleared
2013-06-28softirq: Use _RET_IP_Davidlohr Bueso
Use the already defined macro to pass the function return address. Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1367347569.1784.3.camel@buesod1.americas.hpqcorp.net Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2013-06-28sched/debug: Remove CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED maskAlex Shi
Now that we are using runnable load avg in sched balance, we don't need to keep it under CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED. Also align the code style to #ifdef instead of #if defined() and reorder the tg output info. Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@intel.com> Cc: pjt@google.com Cc: kamalesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1372417835-4698-1-git-send-email-alex.shi@intel.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-28genirq: Add the generic chip to the genirq docbookThomas Gleixner
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
2013-06-28genirq: generic-chip: Export some irq_gc_ functionsFabio Estevam
When building imx_v6_v7_defconfig with imx-drm drivers selected as modules, we get the following build errors: ERROR: "irq_gc_mask_clr_bit" [drivers/staging/imx-drm/ipu-v3/imx-ipu-v3.ko] undefined! ERROR: "irq_gc_mask_set_bit" [drivers/staging/imx-drm/ipu-v3/imx-ipu-v3.ko] undefined! ERROR: "irq_gc_ack_set_bit" [drivers/staging/imx-drm/ipu-v3/imx-ipu-v3.ko] undefined! Export the required functions to avoid this problem. Signed-off-by: Fabio Estevam <fabio.estevam@freescale.com> Cc: shawn.guo@linaro.org Cc: kernel@pengutronix.de Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1372389789-7048-1-git-send-email-festevam@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2013-06-28genirq: Fix can_request_irq() for IRQs without an actionBen Hutchings
Commit 02725e7471b8 ('genirq: Use irq_get/put functions'), inadvertently changed can_request_irq() to return 0 for IRQs that have no action. This causes pcibios_lookup_irq() to select only IRQs that already have an action with IRQF_SHARED set, or to fail if there are none. Change can_request_irq() to return 1 for IRQs that have no action (if the first two conditions are met). Reported-by: Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is> Tested-by: Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is> (against 3.2) Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk> Cc: 709647@bugs.debian.org Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 2.6.39+ Link: http://bugs.debian.org/709647 Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1372383630.23847.40.camel@deadeye.wl.decadent.org.uk Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2013-06-28sched/debug: Fix formatting of /proc/<PID>/schedKamalesh Babulal
This patch alters format string's width, to align all statistics at par with the longest struct sched_statistic member name under /proc/<PID>/sched. Signed-off-by: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: peterz@infradead.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130627165005.GA15583@linux.vnet.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-28cgroup: CGRP_ROOT_SUBSYS_BOUND should be ignored when comparing mount optionsTejun Heo
1672d04070 ("cgroup: fix cgroupfs_root early destruction path") introduced CGRP_ROOT_SUBSYS_BOUND which is used to mark completion of subsys binding on a new root; however, this broke remounts. cgroup_remount() doesn't allow changing root options via remount and CGRP_ROOT_SUBSYS_BOUND, which is set on all fully initialized roots, makes the function reject all remounts. Fix it by putting the options part in the lower 16 bits of root->flags and masking the comparions. While at it, make cgroup_remount() emit an error message explaining why it's rejecting a remount request, so that it's less of a mystery. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2013-06-28cgroup: fix deadlock on cgroup_mutex via drop_parsed_module_refcounts()Tejun Heo
eb178d06332 ("cgroup: grab cgroup_mutex in drop_parsed_module_refcounts()") made drop_parsed_module_refcounts() grab cgroup_mutex to make lockdep assertion in for_each_subsys() happy. Unfortunately, cgroup_remount() calls the function while holding cgroup_mutex in its failure path leading to the following deadlock. # mount -t cgroup -o remount,memory,blkio cgroup blkio cgroup: option changes via remount are deprecated (pid=525 comm=mount) ============================================= [ INFO: possible recursive locking detected ] 3.10.0-rc4-work+ #1 Not tainted --------------------------------------------- mount/525 is trying to acquire lock: (cgroup_mutex){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff8110a3e1>] drop_parsed_module_refcounts+0x21/0xb0 but task is already holding lock: (cgroup_mutex){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff8110e4e1>] cgroup_remount+0x51/0x200 other info that might help us debug this: Possible unsafe locking scenario: CPU0 ---- lock(cgroup_mutex); lock(cgroup_mutex); *** DEADLOCK *** May be due to missing lock nesting notation 4 locks held by mount/525: #0: (&type->s_umount_key#30){+.+...}, at: [<ffffffff811e9a0d>] do_mount+0x2bd/0xa30 #1: (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#9){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff8110e4d3>] cgroup_remount+0x43/0x200 #2: (cgroup_mutex){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff8110e4e1>] cgroup_remount+0x51/0x200 #3: (cgroup_root_mutex){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff8110e4ef>] cgroup_remount+0x5f/0x200 stack backtrace: CPU: 2 PID: 525 Comm: mount Not tainted 3.10.0-rc4-work+ #1 Hardware name: Bochs Bochs, BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011 ffffffff829651f0 ffff88000ec2fc28 ffffffff81c24bb1 ffff88000ec2fce8 ffffffff810f420d 0000000000000006 0000000000000001 0000000000000056 ffff8800153b4640 ffff880000000000 ffffffff81c2e468 ffff8800153b4640 Call Trace: [<ffffffff81c24bb1>] dump_stack+0x19/0x1b [<ffffffff810f420d>] __lock_acquire+0x15dd/0x1e60 [<ffffffff810f531c>] lock_acquire+0x9c/0x1f0 [<ffffffff81c2a805>] mutex_lock_nested+0x65/0x410 [<ffffffff8110a3e1>] drop_parsed_module_refcounts+0x21/0xb0 [<ffffffff8110e63e>] cgroup_remount+0x1ae/0x200 [<ffffffff811c9bb2>] do_remount_sb+0x82/0x190 [<ffffffff811e9d41>] do_mount+0x5f1/0xa30 [<ffffffff811ea203>] SyS_mount+0x83/0xc0 [<ffffffff81c2fb82>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b Fix it by moving the drop_parsed_module_refcounts() invocation outside cgroup_mutex. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2013-06-27sched/fair: Fix typo describing flags in enqueue_entityKamalesh Babulal
Fix spelling of 'calling' in description of se flags in enqueue_entity(). Signed-off-by: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: peterz@infradead.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130627055418.GA18582@linux.vnet.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-27sched/debug: Add load-tracking statistics to taskKamalesh Babulal
At present we print per-entity load-tracking statistics for cfs_rq of cgroups/runqueues. Given that per task statistics is maintained, it can be used to know the contribution made by the task to its parenting cfs_rq level. This patch adds per-task load-tracking statistics to /proc/<PID>/sched. Signed-off-by: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130625080336.GA20175@linux.vnet.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-27sched: Change get_rq_runnable_load() to static and inlineAlex Shi
Based-on-patch-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@intel.com> Tested-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1371694737-29336-14-git-send-email-alex.shi@intel.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-27sched/tg: Remove tg.load_weightAlex Shi
Since no one use it. Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com> Tested-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1371694737-29336-13-git-send-email-alex.shi@intel.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-27sched/cfs_rq: Change atomic64_t removed_load to atomic_long_tAlex Shi
Similar to runnable_load_avg, blocked_load_avg variable, long type is enough for removed_load in 64 bit or 32 bit machine. Then we avoid the expensive atomic64 operations on 32 bit machine. Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com> Tested-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1371694737-29336-12-git-send-email-alex.shi@intel.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-27sched/tg: Use 'unsigned long' for load variable in task groupAlex Shi
Since tg->load_avg is smaller than tg->load_weight, we don't need a atomic64_t variable for load_avg in 32 bit machine. The same reason for cfs_rq->tg_load_contrib. The atomic_long_t/unsigned long variable type are more efficient and convenience for them. Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@intel.com> Tested-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1371694737-29336-11-git-send-email-alex.shi@intel.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-27sched: Change cfs_rq load avg to unsigned longAlex Shi
Since the 'u64 runnable_load_avg, blocked_load_avg' in cfs_rq struct are smaller than 'unsigned long' cfs_rq->load.weight. We don't need u64 vaiables to describe them. unsigned long is more efficient and convenience. Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com> Tested-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1371694737-29336-10-git-send-email-alex.shi@intel.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-27sched: Consider runnable load average in move_tasks()Alex Shi
Aside from using runnable load average in background, move_tasks is also the key function in load balance. We need consider the runnable load average in it in order to make it an apple to apple load comparison. Morten had caught a div u64 bug on ARM, thanks! Thanks-to: Morten Rasmussen <morten.rasmussen@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1371694737-29336-8-git-send-email-alex.shi@intel.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-27sched: Compute runnable load avg in cpu_load and cpu_avg_load_per_taskAlex Shi
They are the base values in load balance, update them with rq runnable load average, then the load balance will consider runnable load avg naturally. We also try to include the blocked_load_avg as cpu load in balancing, but that cause kbuild performance drop 6% on every Intel machine, and aim7/oltp drop on some of 4 CPU sockets machines. Or only add blocked_load_avg into get_rq_runable_load, hackbench still drop a little on NHM EX. Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Gu Zheng <guz.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1371694737-29336-7-git-send-email-alex.shi@intel.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-27sched: Update cpu load after task_tickAlex Shi
To get the latest runnable info, we need do this cpuload update after task_tick. Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1371694737-29336-6-git-send-email-alex.shi@intel.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-27sched: Fix sleep time double accounting in enqueue entityAlex Shi
The woken migrated task will __synchronize_entity_decay(se); in migrate_task_rq_fair, then it needs to set `se->avg.last_runnable_update -= (-se->avg.decay_count) << 20' before update_entity_load_avg, in order to avoid sleep time is updated twice for se.avg.load_avg_contrib in both __syncchronize and update_entity_load_avg. However if the sleeping task is woken up from the same cpu, it miss the last_runnable_update before update_entity_load_avg(se, 0, 1), then the sleep time was used twice in both functions. So we need to remove the double sleep time accounting. Paul also contributed some code comments in this commit. Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1371694737-29336-5-git-send-email-alex.shi@intel.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2013-06-27sched: Set an initial value of runnable avg for new forked taskAlex Shi
We need to initialize the se.avg.{decay_count, load_avg_contrib} for a new forked task. Otherwise random values of above variables cause a mess when a new task is enqueued: enqueue_task_fair enqueue_entity enqueue_entity_load_avg and make fork balancing imbalance due to incorrect load_avg_contrib. Further more, Morten Rasmussen notice some tasks were not launched at once after created. So Paul and Peter suggest giving a start value for new task runnable avg time same as sched_slice(). PeterZ said: > So the 'problem' is that our running avg is a 'floating' average; ie. it > decays with time. Now we have to guess about the future of our newly > spawned task -- something that is nigh impossible seeing these CPU > vendors keep refusing to implement the crystal ball instruction. > > So there's two asymptotic cases we want to deal well with; 1) the case > where the newly spawned program will be 'nearly' idle for its lifetime; > and 2) the case where its cpu-bound. > > Since we have to guess, we'll go for worst case and assume its > cpu-bound; now we don't want to make the avg so heavy adjusting to the > near-idle case takes forever. We want to be able to quickly adjust and > lower our running avg. > > Now we also don't want to make our avg too light, such that it gets > decremented just for the new task not having had a chance to run yet -- > even if when it would run, it would be more cpu-bound than not. > > So what we do is we make the initial avg of the same duration as that we > guess it takes to run each task on the system at least once -- aka > sched_slice(). > > Of course we can defeat this with wakeup/fork bombs, but in the 'normal' > case it should be good enough. Paul also contributed most of the code comments in this commit. Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Gu Zheng <guz.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com> [peterz; added explanation of sched_slice() usage] Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1371694737-29336-4-git-send-email-alex.shi@intel.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>